Chapter 15 The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
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Questions and Answers

What are the two parts of the nervous system?

  • Voluntary and involuntary
  • Sympathetic and parasympathetic
  • Central and peripheral
  • Somatic and autonomic (correct)

    • Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

  • Sympathetic (correct)
  • Parasympathetic
  • Enteric
  • Somatic

    • Which division of the autonomic nervous system is associated with 'rest and digest' activities?

  • Parasympathetic (correct)
  • Sympathetic
  • Enteric
  • Somatic

    • Where does the sympathetic division of the ANS come from?

    <p>Thoracolumbar system of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chain ganglia are there on either side of the vertebral column?

    <p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which response is activated by the sympathetic division of the ANS?

    <p>Dilation of eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the collateral ganglia associated with the enteric nervous system lie?

    <p>Abdominal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitters are released by the sympathetic response?

    <p>Epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system deals with skeletal muscle?

    <p>Somatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

    <p>Stimulate digestion and absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of sympathetic axons before the ganglia?

    <p>Myelinated and short</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of synapses are activated by acetylcholine in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Cholinergic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve carries fibers to control pupil size?

    <p>CN III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sympathetic fibers running to the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Quick release of epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptors are activated by norepinephrine and epinephrine in the adrenergic system?

    <p>Alpha and beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reflexes must synapse in the CNS?

    <p>Long reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an area of a nerve that houses neurotransmitters but is not at the end like in the somatic nervous system?

    <p>Varicosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is involved in memory, emotional response, and influences the hypothalamus based on emotional states?

    <p>Amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs come from outside the body and can affect the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Exogenous drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an increase in blood pressure and heart rate when a person stands up?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling skeletal muscle?

    <p>Somatic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Rest and digest response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters are released during the sympathetic response?

    <p>Epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which system does the sympathetic division of the ANS originate?

    <p>Thoracolumbar system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chain ganglia are there on either side of the vertebral column?

    <p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is associated with digestion and absorption?

    <p>Enteric nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the collateral ganglia, associated with the enteric nervous system, distribute their signals?

    <p>To smooth muscle of the digestive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sympathetic response on blood flow to digestive organs?

    <p>Reduce blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does a central neuron in the lateral horn run to in the sympathetic division?

    <p>Sympathetic chain ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main effects of the sympathetic response?

    <p>Reducing blood flow to muscles and activating sweat glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of synapse is activated by acetylcholine?

    <p>Cholinergic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve carries fibers to control pupil size?

    <p>CN III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do parasympathetic fibers run to in the target effector?

    <p>Both terminal and intramural ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptors are activated by norepinephrine and epinephrine in the adrenergic system?

    <p>Alpha and beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of varicosities in autonomic neurons?

    <p>Spread neurotransmitters along the length of the nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area is involved in memory and emotional response, influencing the hypothalamus based on emotional states?

    <p>Amygdala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are autonomic reflexes different from somatic reflexes?

    <p>The efferent branch has both pre and post ganglionic fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does orthostatic hypotension refer to?

    <p>BP and HR increasing when a person stands up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system exerts more control over the heart under normal circumstances?

    <p>Parasympathetic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where do most parasympathetic fibers come?

    <p>Cranial nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

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