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Questions and Answers
In terms of structure, which type of articulation has a joint capsule?
The joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane.
True
Menisci are:
We can flex, extend, abduct, and adduct our thumb.
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Hinge joints allow us to turn our head from side to side and rotate it.
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A layer of articular cartilage covers the ends of bones and acts as a shock absorber for the joint.
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Synarthrotic joints provide slight movement.
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Which of the following is not an example of a fibrous joint?
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Freely movable joints are called amphiarthroses.
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An example of a ball-and-socket joint is the superior and inferior articulating processes between successive vertebrae.
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If a structural classification is used, joints are named according to the type of _____ tissue that joins the bones together.
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Which subtype of fibrous joints is found only in the skull?
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Joints joined by fibrocartilage are called:
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The joint present during the growth years between the epiphyses of a long bone and its diaphysis is the:
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Synarthrotic joints are:
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Synovial joints are:
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Which of the following is not among the structures that characterize synovial joints?
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The shoulder joint is an example of a _____ joint.
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Which of the following is an example of a uniaxial joint?
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Some synovial joints contain a closed pillow-like structure called a(n):
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The largest and most commonly injured joint in the body is the _____ joint.
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The structure of the knee joint permits movements of:
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The joints between the articulating surfaces of the vertebral processes are classified as what type of joint?
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_____ occurs when the foot is tilted upward, thus decreasing the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg.
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Which type of movement occurs between the carpal and tarsal bones and between the articular facets of adjoining spinal vertebrae?
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Study Notes
Joint Types and Classifications
- Synovial Joints: Freely movable, characterized by a joint capsule that surrounds the ends of bones.
- Fibrous Joints: Exceptions include sutures (in the skull), syndesmoses, and gomphoses. Symphyses (e.g., intervertebral joints) are not fibrous but cartilaginous.
- Types of Synovial Joints: Include ball-and-socket (shoulder, hip), hinge (elbow), and gliding joints (vertebrae).
Joint Structures
- Joint Capsule: Lined with synovial membrane, secure bones while allowing movement.
- Articular Cartilage: Covers bone ends for reduced friction and acts as a shock absorber.
- Menisci: Fibrocartilage pads between bone ends in diarthroses for stability and shock absorption.
- Bursa: Closed, pillow-like structures in some synovial joints, reducing friction.
Movement and Functionality
- Flexibility of the Thumb: Can flex, extend, abduct, and adduct due to saddle joint structure.
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Joint Movement Types:
- Flexion & Extension: Typical in hinge joints (elbow) and knee, allowing forward and backward movement.
- Abduction & Adduction: Movements away from and toward the midline, particularly applicable to thumb and shoulder.
- Gliding Movement: Occurs between carpal and tarsal bones as well as vertebral processes.
Joint Mobility Classifications
- Diarthroses: Freely movable joints.
- Amphiarthroses: Slightly movable joints.
- Synarthroses: Immovable joints (e.g., sutures in the skull).
Key Facts and Trivia
- Largest Joint: The knee is the largest and most commonly injured joint.
- Joint Flexibility: Elbow is an example of a uniaxial joint, allowing movement in one plane.
- Dorsiflexion: Movement where the foot is tilted upward, decreasing the angle at the ankle.
Common Misconceptions
- Synarthrotic Joints: Provide no movement, which is distinctly different from amphiarthrotic joints that allow slight movement.
- Movement Types Confusion: Hinge joints do not allow rotation, which is a function of pivot joints.
These notes provide an overview of the key concepts regarding articulations, joint types, movements, structures, and distractions within the skeleton, important for understanding the biomechanics of the human body.
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Description
Test your knowledge on articulations with this engaging quiz based on Chapter 14. Explore important concepts related to joint structures, focusing on synovial joints and their characteristics. Evaluate your understanding and preparation for advanced topics in anatomy.
