Chapter 1: The Nature of Science Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is an independent variable?

  • A testable prediction.
  • A systematic approach used in scientific study.
  • The factor that is manipulated or controlled by the experimenter. (correct)
  • The experimental factor that is being measured.

    • What is a dependent variable?

    The experimental factor that is being measured.

    What is the scientific method?

    A systematic approach used in scientific study that typically includes observation, a hypothesis, experiments, data analysis, and a conclusion.

    What is a hypothesis?

    <p>A testable prediction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an experiment?

    <p>A research method in which an investigator manipulates one factor to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a variable?

    <p>A factor that can change in an experiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a control in an experiment?

    <p>A standard against which other conditions can be compared.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a model?

    <p>Represents an idea, event, or object that helps people better understand something.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a scientific theory?

    <p>An explanation based on knowledge from an observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a scientific law?

    <p>A rule that describes a pattern in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is precision in measurements?

    <p>The degree to which repeated measurements show the same result.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is accuracy in measurements?

    <p>The degree of closeness of measurements of a quantity to the actual (or accepted) value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Concepts in Science

    • Independent Variable: The element that the experimenter changes deliberately in a study to observe its effects.

    • Dependent Variable: The factor that is measured in an experiment, which may change due to alterations in the independent variable.

    • Scientific Method: A structured process for scientific inquiry involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, data analysis, and concluding results.

    • Hypothesis: A specific and testable prediction generated from a question or observation about the relationship between variables.

    • Experiment: A research procedure where one variable is manipulated to determine its effect on another, allowing scientists to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

    • Variable: Any factor that can be changed or controlled within an experiment; can be independent, dependent, or controlled.

    • Control: A baseline condition in experimental design against which the results of other conditions are compared, ensuring reliability and validity.

    • Model: A simplified representation or conceptual framework of a phenomenon that aids in understanding complex concepts or processes.

    • Scientific Theory: A well-substantiated explanation of a phenomenon, built upon a body of evidence from observations and experiments.

    • Scientific Law: A concise statement that describes a consistent and universal relationship observed in nature, often expressed mathematically.

    • Precision: Refers to the consistency of repeated measurements; high precision indicates minimal variation among repeated measurements.

    • Accuracy: Indicates how close a measured value is to the actual or accepted standard; high accuracy signifies measurements are near the true value.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key concepts in science with these flashcards focused on Chapter 1: The Nature of Science. Learn about independent and dependent variables, as well as the scientific method. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of foundational scientific principles.

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