Chapter 1: Technology's Global Impact

Chapter 1: The Impact of Technology in a Changing World

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• Learning Objectives (Page 2):
  • Describe various technological tools affecting national and global issues.
  • Describe various global social issues impacted by technology.
  • Describe how technology changes connections and collaboration.
  • Summarize technology's impact on product choice and consumption.
  • Characterize computer literacy and explain its importance.
• Learning Objectives (Page 3):
  • Describe AI systems and their goals.
  • Describe the importance of AI and emerging technologies in careers.
  • Define ethics and various ethical systems.
  • Describe personal ethical development influences.
  • Present examples of how technology creates ethical challenges.
• Technology in a Global Society (Page 4):
  • Social networking tools connect and exchange ideas.
  • Crisis-mapping tools collect and map information.
  • Examples include Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram for connection and crisis-mapping tools.
• Technology's Impact on Global Issues (Page 5):
  • Health Care: Global pandemic (COVID-19) impact, scientific visualization tools for antibody development, computationally intense modeling for vaccine discovery.
  • Environment: Data could alert scientists to new trends.
• The Digital Divide (Page 6):
  • A gap in Internet access and technical tool availability between regions.
  • Precludes full global collaboration.
• Technology Connecting People (Page 7):
  • Web 2.0 allows easy content contribution and connections.
  • Cognitive surplus is the combination of leisure time and tools to be creative.
• Connecting Through Business (Page 8):
  • Support other people's dreams through crowdfunding, asking for small donations from a large number of people.
• Technology Impacting Consumption (Page 9):
  • Marketing is changing how we purchase, influenced by influencers and crowdsourcing.
• Sharing Economy (Page 10):
  • Access vs. ownership changing, with technology supporting subscription models for cars and bicycles.
  • Examples include Zipcar, CitiBike, collaborative consumption.
• Importance of Computer Literacy (Page 11):
  • Computer literacy understanding capabilities and limitations of computers, using them safely and efficiently.
• Savvy Computer User & Consumer (Page 12):
  • Avoiding hackers, viruses, protecting privacy, understanding risks, and using the web wisely.
• Artificial Intelligence (Page 13):
  • Intelligence is the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
  • AI systems are similar to human intelligence's reasoning, problem-solving.
• AI Goals (Page 14):
  • The goal in the 1950s was to create a machine that could think like a human.
  • Central goals of AI include NLP, perception, knowledge representation, planning, and problem-solving.
• AI Developments (Page 15):
  • Expert systems mimic human experts.
  • Artificial neural networks are based on the human brain structure.
  • Machine learning analyzes patterns in data.
  • Deep learning (DL) is a subset of machine learning.
• Working With AI in Retail (Page 16):
  • Data mining is the process of searching huge amounts of data for patterns, especially to respond to consumer buying/usage.
• Working with AI in Banking, Transportation, Education (Pages 17-19):
  • AI used in banks to detect fraud, transportation in autopilots and autonomous vehicles, education in intelligent personal assistants and grading.
• Working With AI in Law Enforcement (Page 20):
  • Increase in AI used for various tasks, like facial reconstruction and computer forensics.
• Working with AI in Medicine (Page 21):
  • AI used for faster diagnoses, and in prosthetic devices development.
• Working With AI in Psychology (Page 22):
  • Improved interpersonal skills using AI, such as in systems for people with autism.
• Ethical Computing (Page 23):
  • Ethics: the study of morals and choices made.
  • Laws, unethical behavior(not conforming to standards), and amoral behavior (no sense of right and wrong).
• Determining Personal Ethics (Page 23):
  • Self-description, key principles, influences on ethics, and preparing statements of personal values.
• Intellectual Property and Privacy (Page 25):
  • Intellectual property results from someone's creativity; it is protected by copyright, patents, and trademarks.
  • Control and privacy of information is a continuing balancing act.
• Social Justice (Page 26):
  • Predictive Policing: Gather data from various sources for crime prevention.
  • Military & Government Secrets: Availability of information; right to see confidential documents.
  • 3D Printing: Potentially affecting quality control.
  • Censorship: Global differences in website policies.
• Social Activism (Page 27):
  • Hacktivism: Activities using subversive methods (denial of service attacks).
  • Automated Robotic Machinery: Ethical issues associated with robotic systems' choices (self-driving cars).