Chapter 0: Ethics in Philosophy

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Questions and Answers

Which ethical tradition focuses on evaluating actions based on the consequences for everyone involved?

  • Consequentialism (correct)
  • Deontology
  • Utilitarianism
  • Virtue ethics

In deontology, what is Kant's categorical imperative primarily concerned with?

  • Universalizing moral rules (correct)
  • Consequences of actions
  • Maximizing personal gain
  • Developing ethical virtues

Why would lying be considered unethical according to Kant's categorical imperative?

  • It lacks consequential benefits
  • It treats others as means to an end (correct)
  • It violates societal norms
  • It maximizes personal benefits

What is the main difference between consequentialism and deontology as discussed in the text?

<p>Focus on intentions vs. focus on actions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to virtue ethics, what should individuals focus on developing?

<p>Ethical virtues and character (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical tradition views virtues as qualities that need constant exercise to make ethical decisions?

<p>Virtue ethics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes good ethical behavior for consequentialists from deontologists?

<p>The motivation behind the behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Karl Popper's falsification principle, what should be clear about scientific hypotheses?

<p>What new evidence would refute them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What methodology post-Karl Popper involves peer review by the scientific community to ensure self-correction?

<p>Post-Popperian Methodology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five principles of Dutch scientific research that are considered virtues?

<p>Honesty, Scrupulousness, Transparency, Independence, Reliability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the fourteen ethical guidelines listed under 'Ethical Guidelines'?

<p>Professionalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of plagiarism involves republishing or reusing portions of a previously written text?

<p>Self-plagiarism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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