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Questions and Answers
What is the mode of transmission in the chain of infection?
What is the mode of transmission in the chain of infection?
- Food and direct contact
- Light and vehicles
- Energy and vectors (correct)
- Air and water
What is the reservoir in the context of infectious agents?
What is the reservoir in the context of infectious agents?
- An environment with high oxygen levels
- An environment with pH levels of 6.5 to 7
- An environment with temperatures below 68°F
- An environment that supports growth and survival of infectious agents (correct)
What defines the portal of exit in the chain of infection?
What defines the portal of exit in the chain of infection?
- Route by which the agent exits the host's body
- Route by which the agent moves from one host to another
- Route by which the agent enters the host body
- Route by which the agent moves from the reservoir to the host (correct)
What is the primary role of nurses in infection control?
What is the primary role of nurses in infection control?
What characterizes the incubation period in the course of infection?
What characterizes the incubation period in the course of infection?
Who is considered a susceptibility host in the chain of infection?
Who is considered a susceptibility host in the chain of infection?
Which of the following is a manifestation of strep throat?
Which of the following is a manifestation of strep throat?
What increases the patient's risk for all types of health care-associated infections?
What increases the patient's risk for all types of health care-associated infections?
What is an example of a site for health care-associated infections?
What is an example of a site for health care-associated infections?
What is a cause of mumps?
What is a cause of mumps?
What causes contamination of intravenous (IV) fluids by tubing?
What causes contamination of intravenous (IV) fluids by tubing?
What can lead to urinary tract health care-associated infections?
What can lead to urinary tract health care-associated infections?
What is the term used to describe the interval between the entrance of a pathogen into the body and the appearance of the first symptoms?
What is the term used to describe the interval between the entrance of a pathogen into the body and the appearance of the first symptoms?
Which stage is characterized by nonspecific signs and symptoms, during which microorganisms grow and the patient may be capable of spreading the disease to others?
Which stage is characterized by nonspecific signs and symptoms, during which microorganisms grow and the patient may be capable of spreading the disease to others?
What is the term for the interval when a patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection?
What is the term for the interval when a patient manifests signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of healthcare associated infections (HAI)?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of healthcare associated infections (HAI)?
What is the role of an infectious control nurse?
What is the role of an infectious control nurse?
Which type of transmission involves personal contact of a susceptible host with contaminated inanimate objects?
Which type of transmission involves personal contact of a susceptible host with contaminated inanimate objects?
What does surgical asepsis focus on?
What does surgical asepsis focus on?
What is the minimum standard of OSHA with regards to contact with potential infectious material?
What is the minimum standard of OSHA with regards to contact with potential infectious material?
Which type of transmission involves germs being carried in droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air during coughing or sneezing?
Which type of transmission involves germs being carried in droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air during coughing or sneezing?
What does standard precautions established in 1987 for prevention of HIV transmission in healthcare settings entail?
What does standard precautions established in 1987 for prevention of HIV transmission in healthcare settings entail?
What does controlling reservoirs involve?
What does controlling reservoirs involve?
What is the term used for external mechanical transfer of germs by flies or internal transmission such as parasitic conditions between vector and host?
What is the term used for external mechanical transfer of germs by flies or internal transmission such as parasitic conditions between vector and host?
Study Notes
Chain of Infection
- Mode of transmission: the way in which an infectious agent is transferred from the reservoir to a susceptible host
- Reservoir: the source of the infectious agent, such as a person, animal, or object
- Portal of exit: the means by which the infectious agent leaves the reservoir, such as through the mouth, nose, or skin
Infection Control
- Primary role of nurses: to prevent and control the spread of infections
- Susceptible host: a person who is more likely to contract an infection due to factors such as age, health status, or compromised immune system
Infectious Diseases
- Strep throat: characterized by symptoms such as sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes
- Mumps: caused by the mumps virus, which is transmitted through direct contact with an infected person's saliva or mucus
- Contamination of IV fluids: can occur through improper tubing or handling
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI)
- Increased risk: due to factors such as invasive medical devices, surgical procedures, and compromised immune system
- Examples of sites: urinary tract, surgical wounds, and respiratory tract
- Common characteristic: often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms
Infection Course
- Incubation period: the time between the entrance of a pathogen into the body and the appearance of the first symptoms
- Prodromal stage: characterized by nonspecific signs and symptoms, during which microorganisms grow and the patient may be capable of spreading the disease to others
- Illness stage: characterized by signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection
Infection Prevention and Control
- Infectious control nurse: responsible for developing and implementing infection control policies and procedures
- Surgical asepsis: focuses on preventing surgical site infections through proper sterilization and handling of equipment
- OSHA standard: requires universal precautions, such as gloves and masks, when handling potential infectious materials
- Contact transmission: involves personal contact of a susceptible host with contaminated inanimate objects
- Airborne transmission: involves germs being carried in droplet nuclei or residue suspended in air during coughing or sneezing
- Standard precautions: established in 1987 for prevention of HIV transmission in healthcare settings, entail using personal protective equipment and handling bodily fluids with caution
- Controlling reservoirs: involves eliminating or reducing the source of the infectious agent
- Vector transmission: involves external mechanical transfer of germs by flies or internal transmission such as parasitic conditions between vector and host
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Description
Test your knowledge about the chain of infection and infectious agents by understanding the elements such as reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, and susceptibility host. Learn about different types of infectious agents like bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeast, and Protozoa, as well as the environmental requirements for their survival.
