Ch. 5 DNA: Nitrogenous Bases Flashcards
27 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

How many nitrogenous bases are there?

four

G stands for?

Guanine

A stands for?

Adenine

T stands for?

<p>Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

C stands for?

<p>Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What base pairs with Cytosine in DNA?

<p>Guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What base pairs with Thymine in DNA?

<p>Adenine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nucleotide hydrogen bonds with Adenine in DNA?

<p>Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What base pairs with Guanine in DNA?

<p>Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can nitrogenous bases be categorized?

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two bases have a single ring structure?

<p>Thymine &amp; Cytosine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two bases have a double ring structure?

<p>Adenine &amp; Guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the pyrimidine bases?

<p>Cytosine and Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the purine bases?

<p>Adenine and Guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is complementary base pairing?

<p>Hydrogen bonding between particular pyrimidines and purines. Adenine &amp; Thymine, Cytosine &amp; Guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are base pairs?

<p>hydrogen-bonded nitrogenous bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms a strand of DNA?

<p>covalent linkage of nucleotides in a linear manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean that DNA strands are antiparallel?

<p>they are parallel but are oriented in opposite directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

For hydrogen bonding to work, DNA strands must run in what direction?

<p>opposite directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 5' end of a DNA strand?

<p>phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 3' end of a DNA strand?

<p>sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do DNA strands need to be antiparallel?

<p>The strands need to run in opposite directions for hydrogen bonding to work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true?

<p>Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bases are categorized as purines?

<p>adenine &amp; guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sugar end of the DNA strand is referred to as the _____ end and the phosphate end is referred to as the _____ end.

<p>3;5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adenine forms ___ hydrogen bonds with Thymine.

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cytosine forms ___ hydrogen bonds with Guanine.

<p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nitrogenous Bases Overview

  • Four nitrogenous bases are present in DNA: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine.
  • Each base is critical for forming the genetic code.

Base Pairing

  • Guanine pairs with Cytosine through three hydrogen bonds.
  • Adenine pairs with Thymine through two hydrogen bonds.
  • Complementary base pairing is essential for the DNA structure.

Base Classification

  • DNA bases are categorized into two groups:
    • Purines: Adenine and Guanine (double-ring structure).
    • Pyrimidines: Cytosine and Thymine (single-ring structure).

DNA Structure

  • DNA strands consist of covalently linked nucleotides forming a linear sequence.
  • Strands run in opposite directions, a configuration known as antiparallel.
  • The sugar end of a DNA strand is called the 3' end, while the phosphate end is the 5' end.

Importance of Antiparallel Orientation

  • Antiparallel orientation allows for effective hydrogen bonding between complementary bases.
  • Proper pairing is crucial for DNA stability and replication.

Key Points on Hydrogen Bonding

  • For hydrogen bonds to form, DNA strands must align in opposite directions.
  • Adenine and Thymine bond via two hydrogen bonds, while Cytosine and Guanine bond via three hydrogen bonds.

Miscellaneous Facts

  • The term "Base Pairs" refers to bonded nitrogenous bases within the DNA structure.
  • Correct hydrogen bonding ensures accurate genetic information transfer during cellular processes like replication.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

This quiz focuses on Chapter 5 of DNA, covering the four nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. Test your knowledge of their definitions and complementary pairing. Use these flashcards to reinforce your understanding of these essential components of DNA.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser