Questions and Answers
How many nitrogenous bases are there?
four
G stands for?
Guanine
A stands for?
Adenine
T stands for?
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C stands for?
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What base pairs with Cytosine in DNA?
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What base pairs with Thymine in DNA?
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What nucleotide hydrogen bonds with Adenine in DNA?
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What base pairs with Guanine in DNA?
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How can nitrogenous bases be categorized?
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Which two bases have a single ring structure?
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Which two bases have a double ring structure?
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What are the pyrimidine bases?
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What are the purine bases?
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What is complementary base pairing?
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What are base pairs?
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What forms a strand of DNA?
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What does it mean that DNA strands are antiparallel?
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For hydrogen bonding to work, DNA strands must run in what direction?
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What is the 5' end of a DNA strand?
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What is the 3' end of a DNA strand?
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Why do DNA strands need to be antiparallel?
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Which bases are categorized as purines?
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The sugar end of the DNA strand is referred to as the _____ end and the phosphate end is referred to as the _____ end.
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Adenine forms ___ hydrogen bonds with Thymine.
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Cytosine forms ___ hydrogen bonds with Guanine.
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Study Notes
Nitrogenous Bases Overview
- Four nitrogenous bases are present in DNA: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine.
- Each base is critical for forming the genetic code.
Base Pairing
- Guanine pairs with Cytosine through three hydrogen bonds.
- Adenine pairs with Thymine through two hydrogen bonds.
- Complementary base pairing is essential for the DNA structure.
Base Classification
- DNA bases are categorized into two groups:
- Purines: Adenine and Guanine (double-ring structure).
- Pyrimidines: Cytosine and Thymine (single-ring structure).
DNA Structure
- DNA strands consist of covalently linked nucleotides forming a linear sequence.
- Strands run in opposite directions, a configuration known as antiparallel.
- The sugar end of a DNA strand is called the 3' end, while the phosphate end is the 5' end.
Importance of Antiparallel Orientation
- Antiparallel orientation allows for effective hydrogen bonding between complementary bases.
- Proper pairing is crucial for DNA stability and replication.
Key Points on Hydrogen Bonding
- For hydrogen bonds to form, DNA strands must align in opposite directions.
- Adenine and Thymine bond via two hydrogen bonds, while Cytosine and Guanine bond via three hydrogen bonds.
Miscellaneous Facts
- The term "Base Pairs" refers to bonded nitrogenous bases within the DNA structure.
- Correct hydrogen bonding ensures accurate genetic information transfer during cellular processes like replication.
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Description
This quiz focuses on Chapter 5 of DNA, covering the four nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. Test your knowledge of their definitions and complementary pairing. Use these flashcards to reinforce your understanding of these essential components of DNA.
