Ch 12 HW - Mastering A&P Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What structure connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres?

  • Thalamus
  • Corpus callosum (correct)
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus

    • Which of the following areas forms the central core of the brain?

  • Thalamus (correct)
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cerebellum
  • Medulla Oblongata

    • Where is the arbor vitae located?

  • Cerebrum
  • Thalamus
  • Brainstem
  • Cerebellum (correct)

    • What part of the corpora quadrigemina is clearly observed in a midsagittal section?

    <p>Superior colliculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the brain is necessary for consciousness?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify cranial nerve I.

    <p>Olfactory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following areas takes visual information from one side of the body and conveys it to the opposite side?

    <p>Optic chiasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is not part of the central nervous system?

    <p>Optic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following glands can be observed on the ventral surface of the sheep brain?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attaches the pituitary gland to the brain?

    <p>Infundibulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All three regions of the brain stem can be observed on the ventral surface of the brain.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cerebellum is present on the ventral surface of the sheep brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ventricles is found under the corpus callosum?

    <p>Lateral ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which passageway connects the third and fourth ventricles?

    <p>Cerebral aqueduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the passageway found in the spinal cord that is continuous with the ventricles.

    <p>Central canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cerebrospinal fluid is produced within the ventricles.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ventricles are all interconnected.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ventricles are divided by the septum pellucidum?

    <p>Lateral ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue makes up the cerebral cortex?

    <p>Gray matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of white matter?

    <p>Transmit information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The composition of gray matter includes neuron cell bodies.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    White matter has a fatty consistency.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The brain is a solid organ that lacks cavities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many major regions are contained within the diencephalon?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the diencephalon is connected to the pituitary gland?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region acts as a relay center for sensory messages ascending to the cerebrum?

    <p>Thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the diencephalon contains the pineal body?

    <p>Epithalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pineal body secretes melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diencephalon is found in between the brain stem and the cerebrum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many regions make up the brain stem?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain stem is in contact with the spinal cord?

    <p>Medulla Oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region contains the corpora quadrigemina?

    <p>Midbrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ventricle is located within the brain stem?

    <p>Fourth ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The foramen magnum marks the border between the medulla oblongata and spinal cord.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inferior colliculi are part of the corpora quadrigemina.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets in the anterior view:

    <p>Lateral ventricle = Located in the cerebrum Interventricular foramen = Connects lateral ventricles to third ventricle Third ventricle = Located in the diencephalon Cerebral aqueduct = Connects third and fourth ventricles Fourth ventricle = Located adjacent to the brainstem Central canal = Continuous with the ventricles Lateral aperture = Allows CSF to exit the fourth ventricle Septum pellucidum = Separates lateral ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets in the lateral view:

    <p>Lateral ventricle = Uppermost of the ventricles Third ventricle = Middle cavity of the ventricular system Fourth ventricle = Lower ventricular cavity adjacent to the brainstem Median aperture = Allows CSF flow to the cisterns Lateral aperture = Sites for CSF exit Cerebral aqueduct = Passage between third and fourth ventricles Interventricular foramen = Passageway between lateral and third ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets in the lateral multi-colored view:

    <p>Parietal lobe = Middle section of the brain Occipital lobe = Posterior section of the brain Cerebellum = Located at the back and bottom of the brain Spinal cord = Extends downward from the brain Medulla oblongata = Continuous with the spinal cord Pons = Located above the medulla Temporal lobe = Lateral section of the brain Frontal lobe = Anterior section of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets in the midsagittal view:

    <p>Cerebral hemisphere = Left and right portions of the cerebrum Corpus callosum = Band of fibers connecting hemispheres Fornix = Associative fiber tract Fourth Ventricle = Ventricular space near brainstem Mammillary body = Part of the hypothalamus Pituitary gland = Endocrine gland below the hypothalamus Optic chiasma = Crossing of optic nerves Intermediate mass of thalamus = Midline structure of thalamus Septum pellucidum = Separates lateral ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets:

    <p>Thalamus = Relay station for sensory information Pineal gland = Regulates sleep-wake cycle Midbrain = Contains corpora quadrigemina Cerebellum = Coordination of movement Medulla oblongata = Controls autonomic functions Spinal cord = Conducts information to and from the brain Pons = Regulates breathing patterns Hypothalamus = Links nervous and endocrine systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the closest layer of the meninges to the brain?

    <p>Pia mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic does a spinocerebellar tract neuron share with a sensory neuron originating in the quadriceps femoris?

    <p>Both carry afferent information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of glial cells are shown in this figure?

    <p>Ependymal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What CNS-associated structure is illustrated in this figure?

    <p>Choroid plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Brain Structures and Functions

    • Corpus Callosum connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres with a large fiber tract of axons.
    • Thalamus is the central part of the diencephalon, forming the brain's core region and is enclosed by the cerebrum.
    • Arbor Vitae, located in the cerebellum, resembles a tree due to its branching white matter structure, meaning "tree of life."
    • Superior Colliculus, part of the corpora quadrigemina visible in a midsagittal section, plays a role in directing eye movements.
    • Cerebrum is essential for consciousness, personality, and higher-order functions.

    Cranial Nerves and Visual Processing

    • Cranial Nerve I is known as the olfactory nerve, responsible for the sense of smell.
    • Optic Chiasm is the crossing of optic nerves, enabling visual information from one side of the body to be processed on the opposite brain side.

    Central Nervous System Structures

    • Nerves belong to the peripheral nervous system and are bundles of axons, distinguishing them from the central nervous system structures.
    • Pituitary Gland, located on the ventral surface of the sheep brain, is critical for hormone regulation and is attached to the hypothalamus via the infundibulum.

    Brain Stem and Ventricles

    • Three regions of the brain stem—midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata—are observable on the brain's ventral surface.
    • Lateral Ventricles lie beneath the corpus callosum, separated by the septum pellucidum, with the cerebral aqueduct connecting the third and fourth ventricles.
    • The central canal in the spinal cord is continuous with the ventricular system of the brain.

    Cerebrospinal Fluid and Matter Composition

    • Choroid Plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles, allowing free flow due to interconnections.
    • The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter, primarily neuron cell bodies, whereas white matter consists of myelinated axons for transmitting information.

    Diencephalon Structure

    • The diencephalon comprises three major regions: hypothalamus, which connects to the pituitary gland; thalamus, relaying sensory messages; and epithalamus, housing the pineal body.
    • The diencephalon is positioned between the brain stem and cerebrum.
    • The medulla oblongata is the brain stem area in contact with the spinal cord, while the fourth ventricle is located within the brain stem.
    • The corpora quadrigemina, found in the midbrain, includes the inferior and superior colliculi, contributing to visual and auditory processing.

    Meninges and Neurons

    • The pia mater is the closest meningeal layer to the brain, offering protection and support.
    • Both spinocerebellar tract neurons and sensory neurons from the quadriceps femoris carry afferent information.

    Glial Cells

    • Ependymal cells are a type of glial cell found within the central nervous system, involved in producing and regulating cerebrospinal fluid.
    • The choroid plexus is integral for CSF production within the ventricles of the brain.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key structures and functions of the brain with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on the corpus callosum and the central core of the brain, featuring important terms and definitions from Chapter 12 of Mastering Anatomy & Physiology.

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