Questions and Answers
What is a minority group?
What is another term for a subordinate group?
Minority group
Which group has the most power and privilege in society?
What are ethnic minority groups defined by?
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What are racial minority groups defined by?
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What does miscegenation refer to?
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What does stratification refer to in society?
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Who is Karl Marx?
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What system does Max Weber identify as part of stratification?
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What is Patricia Hill Collins known for?
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What does social mobility refer to?
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What does the social construction of race indicate?
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What are gender roles?
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What is patriarchy?
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What is ideological racism?
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What is institutional discrimination?
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What are modern racism characteristics?
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What does white privilege entail?
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Study Notes
Minority and Subordinate Groups
- Minority groups have less power/control over their lives compared to majority groups and typically face socio-economic disadvantages.
- Subordinate groups (synonymous with minority groups) are often subject to discrimination due to distinct physical or cultural characteristics.
Dominant Groups
- Dominant or majority groups hold the most power and privilege within society, benefiting the most from social inequalities.
Ethnic and Racial Minority Groups
- Ethnic minority groups are defined by cultural characteristics, e.g., Irish Americans, Jewish Americans.
- Racial minority groups are identified based on physical traits, e.g., African Americans, Asian Americans.
Miscegenation and Stratification
- Miscegenation refers to laws against interracial marriage.
- Stratification is the unequal distribution of societal values, a core feature of social organization.
Social Classes
- Society is segmented into horizontal layers (social classes) that differ in resource control.
Theories of Social Inequality
- Karl Marx viewed economic production as the main source of inequality, distinguishing between bourgeoisie (elite) and proletariat (working class).
- Max Weber expanded inequality theory by including class, prestige, and power in his stratification analysis.
Societal Evolution
- Lenski's framework links societal evolution to development levels, highlighting shifts from land-based subsistence to commercial enterprises.
Intersectionality and Oppression
- Patricia Hill Collins proposed the "matrix of domination," emphasizing the interlinked nature of race, class, and gender.
- Highlighted that not all members of dominant groups experience privilege equally.
Social Mobility
- Social mobility is the ability to move between different positions in a society's stratification framework, indicating accessibility to opportunities.
Social Construction of Race and Gender
- Race and gender categories are socially constructed, often to justify unequal treatment based on historical contexts.
- Gender roles are shaped by societal expectations concerning appropriate behavior for each sex.
- Patriarchy reflects male-dominant social organization, especially evident in Western societies.
Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Social Distance
- Prejudice involves negative cognition and emotions toward other groups, not always resulting in action.
- Stereotypes simplify complex group identities, often underlining cognitive prejudice.
- The Social Distance scale measures willingness for intergroup contact, showing stable ranking patterns.
Modern Racism and Discriminatory Practices
- Modern racism can manifest in covert forms, such as redlining, a housing discrimination practice denying minority groups property ownership in certain areas.
- Discrimination refers to unequal treatment based on group membership, often acting on prejudices.
Ideological Constructs
- Ideological racism conveys a belief in the inherent inferiority of certain groups, paralleling individual prejudices.
- Misogynistic views denote derogatory attitudes toward women.
White Identity and Privilege
- White racial identity often denies privileges afforded to white individuals, presenting a singular cultural narrative.
- White privilege encapsulates unearned advantages based on race, highlighting systemic inequalities.
Institutional Discrimination
- Institutional discrimination indicates structured patterns of unequal treatment within societal operations, often unconsciously perpetuated.
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Description
Explore key concepts from Chapter 1 of 'Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Class' with this set of flashcards. Each card provides definitions of essential terms such as 'minority group' and 'subordinate group', facilitating a deeper understanding of social dynamics. Perfect for students and educators alike.
