Cestoidea Anatomy and Reproduction
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Questions and Answers

What is a scolex?

head, maybe simple or provided with suckers, grooves, hooks and spine

What does rostellum refer to?

mobile and often retractable structure in anterior part of scolex

What is the neck in tapeworms?

unsegmented portion after the head where growth occurs

What does strobila refer to in a tapeworm?

<p>entire segment of the body of tapeworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a proglottid?

<p>refers to segments of tapeworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a craspedote tapeworm?

<p>tapeworm with strobila where proglottid overlaps the following or the next one</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an acraspedote tapeworm?

<p>tapeworm with segments that do not overlap each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is apolysis?

<p>process by which gravid or senile terminal segments are detached from the body of tapeworm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a paruterine organ?

<p>dilatation or pockets in the uterine wall containing eggs and become isolated</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is proglottidization?

<p>metameric repetition of their reproductive organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is thysanus?

<p>opening created in the uterus when the proglottid breaks away from the strobila</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an oncosphere?

<p>containing the hexacanth embryo and two embryonic membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an embryophore?

<p>principal and most resistant covering of many oncosphere arising from inner envelope</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a coracidium?

<p>ciliated embryophore containing the oncosphere; the counterpart of miracidium in trematodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is strobilation?

<p>continuous differentiation of new proglottids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are acetabula?

<p>more or less cup shaped, circular or oval in outline, with a heavy muscular wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bothria?

<p>usually two in number, although as many as six may occur and take the form of shallow pits or longer grooves</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bothridia?

<p>usually are in groups of four; are quite muscular, projecting sharply from the scolex</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the neck in tapeworms?

<p>undifferentiated zone that lies between the scolex and strobila</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a procercoid?

<p>solid bodied bearing hooks on the cercomere in its posterior region</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a plerocercoid?

<p>elongate and solid bodied; occurs in 2nd intermediate host</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a tetrathyridium?

<p>elongate, solid bodied with deeply invaginated acetabular scolex</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cysticercoid?

<p>with a single non-invaginated scolex withdrawn into small vesicle with practically no cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cysticercus?

<p>with single scolex invaginated into itself in a large fluid containing vesicle or bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a strobilocercus?

<p>with a single non-invaginated scolex when fully developed and attached to a bladder by a long segmented strobila</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a coenurus?

<p>a large fluid containing bladder with number of invaginated scolices attached to the wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hydatid cyst?

<p>a large fluid containing bladder called brood capsules in which scolices develop</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Features of Cestoidea (Tapeworms)

  • Scolex: The head of the tapeworm; can possess suckers, hooks, and spines, aiding in attachment within the host's gut.
  • Rostellum: A retractable structure at the anterior of the scolex, often equipped with hooks in some species.
  • Neck: The unsegmented region following the scolex, responsible for growth and development of the strobila.
  • Strobila: Comprises the entire body segment of a tapeworm, with numerous individual sections.
  • Proglottid: The individual segments making up the strobila, containing reproductive organs.

Types of Tapeworm Structure

  • Craspedote: Describes tapeworms where proglottids overlap, providing continuity in their body structure.
  • Acraspedote: Features non-overlapping segments, creating a distinct separation between proglottids.

Reproductive Processes

  • Apolysis: The process of detaching gravid or elderly segments from the main body of the tapeworm.
  • Paruterine Organ: Dilated pockets within the uterine wall, serving as repositories for developing eggs.
  • Proglottidization: The metameric pattern in which reproductive organs are repeated across proglottids.

Embryonic Structures and Development

  • Oncosphere: Contains a hexacanth embryo, encapsulated by two embryonic membranes.
  • Embryophore: The robust outer covering of the oncosphere, offering resistance against environmental factors.
  • Coracidium: A ciliated form of the embryophore hosting the oncosphere, akin to the miracidium in trematodes, marking the initial parasitic stage.

Strobilation and Morphological Features

  • Strobilation: The ongoing process of forming new proglottids, essential for growth and reproduction.
  • Acetabula: Cup-shaped structures on the scolex, usually four in number, providing attachment points.
  • Bothria: Shallow pits or grooves, typically two in number, facilitating attachment to the host.
  • Bothridia: Groups of structures on the scolex, often four, with muscular and leaf-like margins enhancing mobility.

Lifecycle Stages of Tapeworms

  • Procercoid: An early larval stage with hooks, found in the posterior cercomere.
  • Plerocercoid: The second intermediate host stage, elongated and solid-bodied.
  • Tetrathyridium: An elongated form featuring an invaginated acetabular scolex.
  • Cysticercoid: A form with a retracted scolex within a small vesicle, minimal internal space.
  • Cysticercus: A stage containing an invaginated scolex in a larger fluid-filled vesicle.
  • Strobilocercus: Fully developed, non-invaginated scolex attached to a bladder by a segmented strobila.
  • Coenurus: A large vesicle with multiple invaginated scolices attached to its inner wall.
  • Hydatid Cyst: A large fluid-filled structure, also termed brood capsules, where scolices develop within.

This structured overview provides essential insights into the anatomy, reproductive habits, and lifecycle stages of tapeworms.

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Description

This quiz covers the key features and anatomy of Cestoidea, commonly known as tapeworms. Explore the structures such as scolex, strobila, and the processes involved in their reproduction. Test your knowledge on the unique characteristics of different tapeworm types.

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