Questions and Answers
Which kingdom and phylum do cestodes belong to?
Are all cestodes parasitic?
True
Describe the general information of cestodes.
Solid, flattened body. No anus. Body filled with parenchyma. Hermaphroditic. Simple muscular, digestive, and nervous system. Well-developed reproductive tract.
What is the purpose of direct smear in diagnostics?
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What is the purpose of sedimentation?
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What is the length of adult tapeworms?
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What are the three body parts of a tapeworm?
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What is the function of the scolex?
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What is a rostellum?
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What is the function of the neck in a tapeworm?
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What is the function of the strobila?
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What do proglottids mainly contain?
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What is the tegumentum?
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Describe the life cycle of a tapeworm.
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What are the characteristics of the Family Taenidae?
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What do Taenia eggs look like?
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What are some Taenia species of importance in dogs?
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What are some Taenia species of importance in cats?
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What is the prepatent period of Taenia pisiformis?
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What are the intermediate hosts of Taenia in dogs?
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What is the length of Taenia in dogs?
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What is the egg size of Taenia?
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What are the intermediate hosts of Taenia in cats?
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What is the length of Taenia in cats?
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What is Echinococcus granulosus?
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Where is Echinococcus granulosus found in the body?
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What is the Family Dilepididae?
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What is the most common tapeworm species?
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What is the intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum?
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What is the prepatent period of Dipylidium caninum?
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Describe the transmission process of Dipylidium caninum.
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What do Dipylidium caninum proglottids look like?
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How is diagnosis of tapeworms typically performed?
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What are possible clinical signs of tapeworms?
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What is a common treatment of tapeworms?
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Study Notes
Class Cestoda Overview
- Belongs to the Kingdom Animalia and Phylum Platyhelminthes.
- All cestodes are obligate parasites, requiring at least one intermediate host.
General Characteristics
- Cestodes have a solid, flattened body structure.
- They lack an anus and possess a body filled with parenchyma.
- Hermaphroditic, with a simple muscular, digestive, and nervous system.
- Reproductive tracts are well-developed.
Tapeworm Structure
- Adult tapeworms range from a few millimeters to several meters in length.
- Composed of three main parts: scolex, neck, and strobila.
- Scolex serves for attachment and locomotion, often featuring hooks and suckers.
- The neck connects the scolex and strobila, containing embryonated cells that generate new segments.
- The strobila consists of proglottids, maturing as they progress along its length.
Proglottids
- Contain genital organs, filled with thousands of eggs after fertilization.
Tegumentum
- The outer coating of tapeworms, replaced every 6-8 hours.
- Most metabolic processes occur through this layer.
Life Cycle
- Life cycle involves proglottids/eggs in stool, egg ingestion by intermediate host, maturation to larval form, ingestion by definitive host, and migration to intestines.
Family Taenidae
- Features two rows of hooks and a single genitalia on proglottis.
- Proglottids have trapezoidal, serrated segments.
Taenia Eggs
- Rounded to oval with a thick, radiating outer membrane often containing hooks.
Taenia Species Impact
- Dogs: Taenia pisiformis (rodents), Taenia hydantigena (rabbits), Taenia ovis (sheep), Multiceps multiceps (rodents), Echinococcus granulosus.
- Cats: Taenia taeniaformis (rodents), Echinococcus multiocularis (rodents).
Prepatent Periods
- Taenia pisiformis: 1-2 months.
- Dipylidium caninum: 2-3 weeks.
Host Information
- Intermediate hosts for Taenia in dogs include prey animals, while in cats, they are typically mice and rats.
- Echinococcus granulosus has zoonotic transmission routes, utilizing dogs as definitive hosts and sheep or goats as intermediate hosts.
Health Impact in Humans
- Echinococcus granulosus can inhabit the liver, lungs, and brain in humans, with dogs carrying them primarily in the liver and lungs.
Family Dilepididae
- Known as the most common tapeworm family in dogs and cats, with Dipylidium caninum being the most prevalent species.
- Intermediate hosts for Dipylidium caninum are fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and lice (Felicola, Trichodectes).
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis involves visual inspection of proglottids in feces and possible fecal flotation.
- Clinical signs of tapeworms include abdominal discomfort, anorexia, pruritus, and possible intestinal irritation.
- Treatments include praziquantel, fenbendazole, and epsiprantel, along with preventive measures like flea control and discouraging hunting behavior.
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Test your knowledge on Cestoda with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential terms, their definitions, and general information about the structure and characteristics of cestodes. Perfect for students studying parasitology or animal biology.