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Questions and Answers
What was the Renaissance's contribution to social behavior?
What was the Renaissance's contribution to social behavior?
What did the Enlightenment elevate to be an essential civil virtue?
What did the Enlightenment elevate to be an essential civil virtue?
What did the rules of etiquette and manners reflect during the 18th-century in Europe?
What did the rules of etiquette and manners reflect during the 18th-century in Europe?
What was a significant change in dining etiquette during the 18th-century in Europe?
What was a significant change in dining etiquette during the 18th-century in Europe?
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What aspect of dining etiquette reflected the increasing individualism of Europe during the 18th-century?
What aspect of dining etiquette reflected the increasing individualism of Europe during the 18th-century?
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What did the medieval value of two or three people sharing utensils, a plate, or a cup transition to during the 18th-century?
What did the medieval value of two or three people sharing utensils, a plate, or a cup transition to during the 18th-century?
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What did wealth, brilliance, and good taste become in 18th-century Europe?
What did wealth, brilliance, and good taste become in 18th-century Europe?
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What did taste involve in 18th-century Europe?
What did taste involve in 18th-century Europe?
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What was a reflection of the increasing individualism of Europe during the 18th-century?
What was a reflection of the increasing individualism of Europe during the 18th-century?
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What did the rise of salons contribute to in 18th-century Europe?
What did the rise of salons contribute to in 18th-century Europe?
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In the 18th century, what parenting practices were condemned?
In the 18th century, what parenting practices were condemned?
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What was the attitude of upper-class women towards breastfeeding in the 18th century?
What was the attitude of upper-class women towards breastfeeding in the 18th century?
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What was the primary justification used by European slavers for their behaviors?
What was the primary justification used by European slavers for their behaviors?
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What did European slavers trade with Coastal African groups for people?
What did European slavers trade with Coastal African groups for people?
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What did Europeans introduce and encourage in African nations to obtain more slaves?
What did Europeans introduce and encourage in African nations to obtain more slaves?
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In which colonies was slave labor the foundation of the social and economic system?
In which colonies was slave labor the foundation of the social and economic system?
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What were slaves primarily used for in most slave societies?
What were slaves primarily used for in most slave societies?
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How were slaves inspected and priced at auctions?
How were slaves inspected and priced at auctions?
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What were slaves forced to do upon arrival in America?
What were slaves forced to do upon arrival in America?
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Who captured and loaded slaves onto boats for transportation to the Americas?
Who captured and loaded slaves onto boats for transportation to the Americas?
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What was the title of Beccaria's influential critique of the criminal justice system in Milan?
What was the title of Beccaria's influential critique of the criminal justice system in Milan?
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Which concept did Beccaria discuss in 'Elements of Public Economy' that influenced theorists like Thomas Malthus?
Which concept did Beccaria discuss in 'Elements of Public Economy' that influenced theorists like Thomas Malthus?
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What did Beccaria advocate for in his beliefs about the criminal justice system?
What did Beccaria advocate for in his beliefs about the criminal justice system?
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What were Beccaria's main ideas about punishment in the criminal justice system?
What were Beccaria's main ideas about punishment in the criminal justice system?
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What did Beccaria oppose and advocate for in terms of punishment?
What did Beccaria oppose and advocate for in terms of punishment?
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In which regions did Beccaria's ideas face challenges in spreading?
In which regions did Beccaria's ideas face challenges in spreading?
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Where did Beccaria's ideas find more acceptance due to fewer constraints on new philosophical notions?
Where did Beccaria's ideas find more acceptance due to fewer constraints on new philosophical notions?
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In which regions did Beccaria's ideas struggle to spread due to lower literacy and a lack of tradition in questioning authority?
In which regions did Beccaria's ideas struggle to spread due to lower literacy and a lack of tradition in questioning authority?
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Why did Beccaria's ideas not reach Muslim Europe?
Why did Beccaria's ideas not reach Muslim Europe?
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What were the challenges faced by children in 18th century Europe?
What were the challenges faced by children in 18th century Europe?
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Study Notes
Cesare Beccaria and His Impact on Criminal Justice and Socio-Economics in 18th Century Europe
- In 18th century Europe, there was widespread poverty due to a surplus of available workers, lack of jobs, heavy taxation, and feudal duties.
- "On Crime and Punishment" was Beccaria's influential critique of the criminal justice system in Milan, advocating for rational principles in criminal justice.
- "Elements of Public Economy," published posthumously, discussed concepts like division of labor and influenced theorists like Thomas Malthus.
- Beccaria's beliefs included criticism of the pre-Beccaria criminal justice system, advocating for free will, rational choice, and manipulability.
- His main ideas revolved around deterring re-offending, punishment based on social contract violations, and swift, proportionate, and public punishment.
- Beccaria opposed capital punishment and advocated for equality among social classes, education, and assistance to reduce crime.
- His ideas faced challenges in spreading due to religious censorship in Italy, Portugal, and Spain and state barriers in German states and the Austrian Empire.
- However, his ideas found more acceptance in Britain, France, Holland, and Denmark where there were fewer constraints on new philosophical notions.
- In East Europe, Beccaria's ideas struggled to spread due to lower literacy and a lack of tradition in questioning authority.
- His ideas did not reach Muslim Europe due to religious and cultural barriers.
- In 18th century Europe, marriage occurred late, infant mortality was high, and children faced the risk of illness and accidents.
- Few children survived infancy and even fewer reached adulthood, particularly in lower classes.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Cesare Beccaria and his impact on 18th century Europe with this quiz. Explore his influential critiques of the criminal justice system, his advocacy for rational principles, and his beliefs in deterring re-offending and promoting social equality. Delve into the challenges his ideas faced in spreading across different European regions and their impact on criminal justice and socio-economics.
