B4U1 Ortho Q's
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?

  • Posterior dislocation
  • Superior dislocation
  • Inferior dislocation
  • Anterior dislocation (correct)

Which of the following is not a risk factor for developing a burst fracture of the vertebral body?

  • Osteoporosis
  • Estrogen deficiency
  • Obesity (correct)
  • Smoking

Which of the following is a key diagnostic finding in acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

  • Tenderness over the AC joint (correct)
  • Posterior shoulder pain worse with activity
  • Shoulder muscle atrophy
  • Decreased range of motion

What is the primary treatment for glenohumeral (GH) joint osteoarthritis?

<p>Shoulder arthroplasty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of shoulder dislocation?

<p>Recurrent dislocation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a typical finding in a flexion-distraction spinal injury?

<p>Compression fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of shoulder osteoarthritis?

<p>Traumatic injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a typical symptom of acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

<p>Shoulder muscle weakness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for a posterior shoulder dislocation?

<p>Closed reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key diagnostic test for acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

<p>Scarf test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of kyphosis?

<p>Idiopathic kyphosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common level for a thoracic disc herniation?

<p>T11-T12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean age for adult spinal deformity?

<p>60 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of thoracic disc herniation or adult spinal deformity?

<p>Fever (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of thoracic spine fracture?

<p>Compression fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of scoliosis?

<p>Both A and D (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for compression fractures with a kyphotic angle greater than 40 degrees and failed conservative treatment?

<p>Operative treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool mentioned for adult spinal deformity?

<p>PET scan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with thoracic disc herniation or adult spinal deformity experience bowel/bladder changes?

<p>15-20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment recommendation for adult spinal deformity?

<p>Activity modification, physical therapy, symptomatic treatment, and operative treatment if indicated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common mechanism of injury for whiplash?

<p>Sudden acceleration and deceleration with rapid flexion and extension of the cervical spine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common finding on physical examination for cervical spondylosis?

<p>Decreased cervical range of motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of cervical radiculopathy?

<p>Radiating arm pain and numbness in a dermatomal distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a mild cervical strain/sprain?

<p>NSAIDs, soft collar, and physical therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of cervical myelopathy?

<p>Gait imbalance and clumsiness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common location for degenerative disc disease in the cervical spine?

<p>C5-C6 and C6-C7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic test for suspected cervical stenosis?

<p>Plain radiographs (X-rays) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of thoracic spondylosis?

<p>Back pain exacerbated by sitting or bending forward (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a cervical disc herniation?

<p>NSAIDs, oral steroids, and cervical traction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in torticollis (wry neck)?

<p>Localized pain and spasm in the trapezius or sternocleidomastoid muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important physical examination test for diagnosing supraspinatus impingement syndrome?

<p>Hawkins-Kennedy Sign (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to diagnose a tear or tendonitis of the subscapularis muscle?

<p>Lift-Off Test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to diagnose proximal biceps tendonitis?

<p>Speed's Test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to diagnose an acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation?

<p>Scarf/Cross-Over Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to diagnose a superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) tear?

<p>O'Brien's Test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Yergason's Test?

<p>To diagnose proximal biceps tendonitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Neer's Sign?

<p>To diagnose supraspinatus impingement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is used to diagnose an acromioclavicular (AC) joint injury?

<p>Scarf/Cross-Over Test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Adson's Test?

<p>To assess brachial plexus compression between the shoulder girdle and first rib (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Elevated Arm Stress Test (EAST)?

<p>To assess brachial plexus compression between the shoulder girdle and first rib (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Spurling's Maneuver?

<p>To reproduce radicular pain in the upper extremities associated with brachial plexus injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Resisted Wrist Extension test?

<p>To assess lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Resisted Wrist Flexion test?

<p>To assess medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key diagnostic feature of thoracic outlet syndrome?

<p>Positive Resisted Wrist Extension test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate test to evaluate for a brachial plexus injury?

<p>Spurling's Maneuver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is used to evaluate for medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)?

<p>Resisted Wrist Flexion test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Varus stress test primarily evaluate?

<p>The lateral collateral ligament (LCL) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Valgus stress test?

<p>To evaluate the integrity of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Tinel's sign in the cubital tunnel?

<p>To test for the presence of cubital tunnel syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Tinel's sign in the carpal tunnel?

<p>To test for the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Phalen's test?

<p>To test for the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what position is the elbow tested during the Varus and Valgus stress tests?

<p>With the arm in full extension and 30 degrees of flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Varus stress test?

<p>To evaluate the stability of the elbow joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom associated with a positive Tinel's sign in the carpal tunnel?

<p>Tingling in the median nerve distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to assess for deQuervain's tenosynovitis?

<p>Finkelstein Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Fovea Sign?

<p>To assess for ulnar ligament tears in the wrist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Thumb MP Joint Ulnar Collateral Ligament Test performed?

<p>By stabilizing the patient's hand and abducting the thumb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Allen Test?

<p>To assess for collateral arterial circulation in the hand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Thumb CMC Grind Test?

<p>To assess for osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Finkelstein Test for deQuervain's tenosynovitis?

<p>Applying longitudinal pressure to the CMC joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Fovea Sign?

<p>To assess for tears of the ulnar ligament in the wrist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to assess for a torn ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint?

<p>Thumb MP Joint Ulnar Collateral Ligament Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test is used to evaluate cervical disc disease?

<p>Spurling's Maneuver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Hoffman Reflex test?

<p>To identify long tract spinal cord disease in the cervical region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test is used to evaluate glenohumeral joint instability?

<p>Apprehension/Relocation Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Sulcus Sign test?

<p>To assess glenohumeral joint instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is evaluated by the Empty Can Test?

<p>Supraspinatus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is the Empty Can Test used to diagnose?

<p>Impingement syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Apprehension/Relocation Test?

<p>To assess glenohumeral joint instability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test involves flicking the middle finger to elicit a reflex response?

<p>Hoffman Reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with anterior elbow pain?

<p>Distal biceps tendon rupture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a complete distal biceps tendon rupture?

<p>Surgical repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary symptom of cubital tunnel syndrome?

<p>Numbness and tingling in the ring and small fingers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended diagnostic test for suspected cubital tunnel syndrome?

<p>Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of olecranon bursitis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for recurrent or chronic olecranon bursitis?

<p>Bursectomy (surgical removal of the bursa) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of aspiration or injection of the olecranon bursa?

<p>Infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with posterior elbow pain?

<p>Olecranon bursitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for an abscess of the pulp space (finger pad) of the distal phalanx?

<p>Incision and drainage, oral and IV antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical mechanism of injury for a Bennet's fracture?

<p>Axial blow or abduction stress to the thumb (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a mallet finger injury?

<p>Reduction, digital block, and splinting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical mechanism of injury for a Jersey finger?

<p>Forceful extension of the distal interphalangeal joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a volar PIP joint dislocation?

<p>Reduction, extension splinting for 4 weeks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a dorsal PIP joint dislocation?

<p>Reduction after digital block, splinting in 30 degrees of flexion for 2 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a 5th metacarpal neck fracture (Boxer's fracture)?

<p>Reduction, digital block, and splinting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a Bennett's fracture of the thumb metacarpal base?

<p>Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a crush injury to the finger with >50% nail involvement?

<p>Nail removal and laceration suture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for a digital block and incision and drainage when an abscess is organized?

<p>Incision and drainage, oral and IV antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a displaced third-degree mallet finger injury?

<p>Surgical fixation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is a flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint observed?

<p>Swan neck deformity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a thickened palmar fascia forming nodules over the flexor tendons, causing a flexion contracture?

<p>Dupuytren's contracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for trigger finger if recurrence occurs after two steroid injections?

<p>Surgical release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in septic tenosynovitis?

<p>Fusiform swelling of the finger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of a felon?

<p>Bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a painful, thickened flexor tendon or nodule at the A1 pulley?

<p>Trigger finger (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for septic tenosynovitis?

<p>Surgical incision and drainage with intravenous antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mechanism of injury for an olecranon fracture?

<p>Fall onto an outstretched hand (FOOSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial treatment for a non-displaced olecranon fracture?

<p>Posterior splint at 45 degrees and re-imaging in 1 week (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is commonly torn in overhand throwing athletes?

<p>Ulnar collateral ligament (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)?

<p>NSAIDs, forearm compression brace, stretches, and physical therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of elbow fracture in children?

<p>Supracondylar (distal humerus) fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical mechanism of injury for a radial head fracture?

<p>Valgus force to the elbow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which view is recommended for imaging a suspected radial head fracture?

<p>AP, lateral, and oblique views (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of dislocation seen in the elbow?

<p>Posterior dislocation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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