B4U1 Ortho Q's
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation?

  • Posterior dislocation
  • Superior dislocation
  • Inferior dislocation
  • Anterior dislocation (correct)

    • Which of the following is not a risk factor for developing a burst fracture of the vertebral body?

  • Osteoporosis
  • Estrogen deficiency
  • Obesity (correct)
  • Smoking

    • Which of the following is a key diagnostic finding in acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

  • Tenderness over the AC joint (correct)
  • Posterior shoulder pain worse with activity
  • Shoulder muscle atrophy
  • Decreased range of motion

    • What is the primary treatment for glenohumeral (GH) joint osteoarthritis?

    <p>Shoulder arthroplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication of shoulder dislocation?

    <p>Recurrent dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a typical finding in a flexion-distraction spinal injury?

    <p>Compression fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of shoulder osteoarthritis?

    <p>Traumatic injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a typical symptom of acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

    <p>Shoulder muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for a posterior shoulder dislocation?

    <p>Closed reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key diagnostic test for acromioclavicular (AC) joint osteoarthritis?

    <p>Scarf test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of kyphosis?

    <p>Idiopathic kyphosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common level for a thoracic disc herniation?

    <p>T11-T12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean age for adult spinal deformity?

    <p>60 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of thoracic disc herniation or adult spinal deformity?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of thoracic spine fracture?

    <p>Compression fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of scoliosis?

    <p>Both A and D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for compression fractures with a kyphotic angle greater than 40 degrees and failed conservative treatment?

    <p>Operative treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool mentioned for adult spinal deformity?

    <p>PET scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients with thoracic disc herniation or adult spinal deformity experience bowel/bladder changes?

    <p>15-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment recommendation for adult spinal deformity?

    <p>Activity modification, physical therapy, symptomatic treatment, and operative treatment if indicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common mechanism of injury for whiplash?

    <p>Sudden acceleration and deceleration with rapid flexion and extension of the cervical spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common finding on physical examination for cervical spondylosis?

    <p>Decreased cervical range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of cervical radiculopathy?

    <p>Radiating arm pain and numbness in a dermatomal distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a mild cervical strain/sprain?

    <p>NSAIDs, soft collar, and physical therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of cervical myelopathy?

    <p>Gait imbalance and clumsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common location for degenerative disc disease in the cervical spine?

    <p>C5-C6 and C6-C7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate initial diagnostic test for suspected cervical stenosis?

    <p>Plain radiographs (X-rays)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of thoracic spondylosis?

    <p>Back pain exacerbated by sitting or bending forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate initial treatment for a cervical disc herniation?

    <p>NSAIDs, oral steroids, and cervical traction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic finding in torticollis (wry neck)?

    <p>Localized pain and spasm in the trapezius or sternocleidomastoid muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important physical examination test for diagnosing supraspinatus impingement syndrome?

    <p>Hawkins-Kennedy Sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to diagnose a tear or tendonitis of the subscapularis muscle?

    <p>Lift-Off Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to diagnose proximal biceps tendonitis?

    <p>Speed's Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to diagnose an acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation?

    <p>Scarf/Cross-Over Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to diagnose a superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) tear?

    <p>O'Brien's Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Yergason's Test?

    <p>To diagnose proximal biceps tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Neer's Sign?

    <p>To diagnose supraspinatus impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to diagnose an acromioclavicular (AC) joint injury?

    <p>Scarf/Cross-Over Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Adson's Test?

    <p>To assess brachial plexus compression between the shoulder girdle and first rib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Elevated Arm Stress Test (EAST)?

    <p>To assess brachial plexus compression between the shoulder girdle and first rib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Spurling's Maneuver?

    <p>To reproduce radicular pain in the upper extremities associated with brachial plexus injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Resisted Wrist Extension test?

    <p>To assess lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Resisted Wrist Flexion test?

    <p>To assess medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key diagnostic feature of thoracic outlet syndrome?

    <p>Positive Resisted Wrist Extension test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate test to evaluate for a brachial plexus injury?

    <p>Spurling's Maneuver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to evaluate for medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)?

    <p>Resisted Wrist Flexion test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Varus stress test primarily evaluate?

    <p>The lateral collateral ligament (LCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Valgus stress test?

    <p>To evaluate the integrity of the medial collateral ligament (MCL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Tinel's sign in the cubital tunnel?

    <p>To test for the presence of cubital tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Tinel's sign in the carpal tunnel?

    <p>To test for the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Phalen's test?

    <p>To test for the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what position is the elbow tested during the Varus and Valgus stress tests?

    <p>With the arm in full extension and 30 degrees of flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Varus stress test?

    <p>To evaluate the stability of the elbow joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom associated with a positive Tinel's sign in the carpal tunnel?

    <p>Tingling in the median nerve distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess for deQuervain's tenosynovitis?

    <p>Finkelstein Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Fovea Sign?

    <p>To assess for ulnar ligament tears in the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Thumb MP Joint Ulnar Collateral Ligament Test performed?

    <p>By stabilizing the patient's hand and abducting the thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Allen Test?

    <p>To assess for collateral arterial circulation in the hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Thumb CMC Grind Test?

    <p>To assess for osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the Finkelstein Test for deQuervain's tenosynovitis?

    <p>Applying longitudinal pressure to the CMC joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Fovea Sign?

    <p>To assess for tears of the ulnar ligament in the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess for a torn ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint?

    <p>Thumb MP Joint Ulnar Collateral Ligament Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which special test is used to evaluate cervical disc disease?

    <p>Spurling's Maneuver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Hoffman Reflex test?

    <p>To identify long tract spinal cord disease in the cervical region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which special test is used to evaluate glenohumeral joint instability?

    <p>Apprehension/Relocation Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Sulcus Sign test?

    <p>To assess glenohumeral joint instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is evaluated by the Empty Can Test?

    <p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is the Empty Can Test used to diagnose?

    <p>Impingement syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Apprehension/Relocation Test?

    <p>To assess glenohumeral joint instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which special test involves flicking the middle finger to elicit a reflex response?

    <p>Hoffman Reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with anterior elbow pain?

    <p>Distal biceps tendon rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for a complete distal biceps tendon rupture?

    <p>Surgical repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary symptom of cubital tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Numbness and tingling in the ring and small fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended diagnostic test for suspected cubital tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of olecranon bursitis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for recurrent or chronic olecranon bursitis?

    <p>Bursectomy (surgical removal of the bursa)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of aspiration or injection of the olecranon bursa?

    <p>Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with posterior elbow pain?

    <p>Olecranon bursitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for an abscess of the pulp space (finger pad) of the distal phalanx?

    <p>Incision and drainage, oral and IV antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical mechanism of injury for a Bennet's fracture?

    <p>Axial blow or abduction stress to the thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a mallet finger injury?

    <p>Reduction, digital block, and splinting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical mechanism of injury for a Jersey finger?

    <p>Forceful extension of the distal interphalangeal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a volar PIP joint dislocation?

    <p>Reduction, extension splinting for 4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a dorsal PIP joint dislocation?

    <p>Reduction after digital block, splinting in 30 degrees of flexion for 2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a 5th metacarpal neck fracture (Boxer's fracture)?

    <p>Reduction, digital block, and splinting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a Bennett's fracture of the thumb metacarpal base?

    <p>Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a crush injury to the finger with >50% nail involvement?

    <p>Nail removal and laceration suture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a digital block and incision and drainage when an abscess is organized?

    <p>Incision and drainage, oral and IV antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for a displaced third-degree mallet finger injury?

    <p>Surgical fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition is a flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint observed?

    <p>Swan neck deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a thickened palmar fascia forming nodules over the flexor tendons, causing a flexion contracture?

    <p>Dupuytren's contracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for trigger finger if recurrence occurs after two steroid injections?

    <p>Surgical release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic finding in septic tenosynovitis?

    <p>Fusiform swelling of the finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of a felon?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a painful, thickened flexor tendon or nodule at the A1 pulley?

    <p>Trigger finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for septic tenosynovitis?

    <p>Surgical incision and drainage with intravenous antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common mechanism of injury for an olecranon fracture?

    <p>Fall onto an outstretched hand (FOOSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial treatment for a non-displaced olecranon fracture?

    <p>Posterior splint at 45 degrees and re-imaging in 1 week</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is commonly torn in overhand throwing athletes?

    <p>Ulnar collateral ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)?

    <p>NSAIDs, forearm compression brace, stretches, and physical therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of elbow fracture in children?

    <p>Supracondylar (distal humerus) fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical mechanism of injury for a radial head fracture?

    <p>Valgus force to the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which view is recommended for imaging a suspected radial head fracture?

    <p>AP, lateral, and oblique views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of dislocation seen in the elbow?

    <p>Posterior dislocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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