Cervical Plexus Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Muscular Branches

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Questions and Answers

Which nerve forms a loop from C1-C3 and innervates structures like geniohyoid and sternothyroid?

Ansa cervicalis (correct)

Hypoglossal nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Accessory nerve

What does the phrenic nerve primarily innervate?

Lung and liver

Diaphragm and pericardium (correct)

Stomach and intestines

Kidneys and spleen

Which muscles are innervated by the segmental branches of the cervical plexus (C1-C4)?

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

Quadratus lumborum and psoas major

Deltoid and biceps brachii

Anterior and middle scalenes (correct)

Where does the phrenic nerve run in relation to the fibrous pericardium?

Anterior Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve descends obliquely with the internal jugular vein across the anterior scalene?

Phrenic nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the ansa cervicalis loop?

Innervating infrahyoid muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the suboccipital nerve?

Supplies muscles of the suboccipital triangle Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve arises between the first and second cervical vertebrae to innervate the scalp, ear, and parotid glands?

Greater occipital nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which segmental branches give rise to the greater occipital nerve?

C2-C3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the location where the suboccipital nerve exits the spinal cord?

Between C1 and C2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves innervates the suboccipital triangle muscles?

Greater occipital nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the third occipital nerve?

From between C3 and C4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of pain resulting from parotitis?

Impingement on the great auricular nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates the anterior region of the neck?

Transverse cervical nerve Signup and view all the answers

Where does the transverse cervical nerve perforate the deep cervical fascia?

At the anterior border of the muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates the skin and scalp posterosuperior to the auricle?

Lesser occipital nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of supraclavicular nerves in the neck region?

Innervation of posterior neck region Signup and view all the answers

Which nerves provide cutaneous innervation to the anterolateral parts of the neck?

Transverse cervical and supraclavicular nerves Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cervical Plexus

Muscular branches of cervical plexus include:
- Ansa cervicalis (loop formed from C1-C3), innervating geniohyoid (C1 only), thyrohyoid (C1 only), sternothyroid, sternohyoid, and omohyoid
- Phrenic nerve (C3-C5, primarily C4), innervating diaphragm and pericardium
- Segmental branches (C1-C4), innervating anterior and middle scalenes

Phrenic Nerve

Phrenic nerve descends obliquely with the internal jugular vein across the anterior scalene, deep to the prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia and the transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries
Runs anterior to the root of the lung and between the fibrous pericardium and mediastinal face of the parietal pleura
Important for breathing, as it passes motor information to the diaphragm and receives sensory information from it

Cervical Nerves

There are 8 cervical segments forming 8 pairs of cervical nerves in a human spinal cord
Cervical nerves include:
- Posterior distribution: suboccipital nerve (C1), greater occipital nerve (C2), and third occipital nerve (C3)
- Suboccipital nerve (C1) supplies muscles of the suboccipital triangle
- Greater occipital nerve (C2) innervates the scalp at the top of the head, over the ear and over the parotid glands
- Third occipital nerve innervates the scalp posterosuperior to the auricle

Other Branches

Transverse cervical nerve (C2,C3) innervates the anterior region of the neck
Lesser occipital nerve (C2) innervates the skin and scalp posterosuperior to the auricle
Supraclavicular nerves (C3,C4) arise from the third and fourth cervical nerves, and innervate the skin of the posterior triangle of the neck

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Description

Test your knowledge on the muscular branches of the cervical plexus including Ansa cervicalis, Phrenic nerve, and segmental branches innervating various neck muscles. Identify the innervation patterns and functions of these branches.