L1 Cervical Plexus and Nervous System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the suboccipitalis?

  • Supplies the thoracic spinal nerves
  • Innervates the skin of the occipital region
  • Supplies deep muscles of the back in the neck region (correct)
  • Supplies sensory nerves to the skin

    • Which muscles are supplied by the N. occipitalis major?

  • Deep muscles of the back in the neck region (correct)
  • Deep muscles of the abdomen
  • Superficial muscles of the back
  • Muscles of the lower limb

    • What forms the plexus cervicalis?

  • Anterior branches of four upper cervical spinal nerves (correct)
  • Posterior branches of lower lumbar spinal nerves
  • Anterior branches of six cervical spinal nerves
  • Mixed branches from thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

    • Which of the following structures innervates the straight muscles of the neck?

    <p>Ansa cervicalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the motor branches of the plexus cervicalis?

    <p>Supply muscles of the lateral and deep groups of the neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves form nn. clunium superiores?

    <p>Rami posteriores of L1, L2, and L3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of plexus brachialis?

    <p>Anterior branches of lumbar spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What region does the N. occipitalis minor primarily supply?

    <p>Skin of the occipital region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are spinal nerves primarily composed of?

    <p>Both afferent and efferent fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fibers carry impulses to the central nervous system?

    <p>Afferent fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes visceral afferent fibers from somatic afferent fibers?

    <p>Visceral afferent fibers use rr.communicantes albi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where do sympathetic (preganglionic) fibers arise?

    <p>Nucleus intermediolateralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ramus meningeus?

    <p>Supplies the meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the dorsal ramus?

    <p>It supplies skin and muscles of the back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do parasympathetic (preganglionic) fibers originate?

    <p>Nucleus parasympathicus sacralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do the sensory fibers of the ramus posterior serve?

    <p>Conveying proprioceptive impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the anterior and medial region of the brachium?

    <p>N.cutaneus brachii medialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ramus profundus of the ulnar nerve?

    <p>Supply muscles of the little finger and palmar interossei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a component of the fasciculus medialis?

    <p>Radix lateralis n.mediani</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve accompanies the ulnar nerve along the sulcus bicipitalis medialis?

    <p>N.medianus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skin regions does the ramus superFacialis of the ulnar nerve supply?

    <p>Hypothenar eminence and ulnar side of the ring finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does the ulnar nerve NOT innervate?

    <p>Flexor digitorum superficialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cord of the brachial plexus surrounds the axillary artery?

    <p>Fasciculus infraclavicularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the Rr.articulares supplied by the ulnar nerve innervate?

    <p>The elbow joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What area does the N. auricularis magnus primarily supply?

    <p>Skin at the region of angulus mandibulae and auricula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve descends along m. scalenius anterior and enters the thoracic cavity?

    <p>N. phrenicus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What supplies the diaphragm and has sensory branches reaching various thoracic and abdominal structures?

    <p>N. phrenicus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the plexus brachialis supplies m. subclavius?

    <p>Pars supraclavicularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve runs downward over the posterior wall of the axilla to reach m. latissimus dorsi?

    <p>N. thoracodorsalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The N. transversus colli supplies skin in which anatomical area?

    <p>Trigonum colli mediale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of N. suprascapularis within the supraclavicular part of the plexus brachialis?

    <p>Supplies m. supraspinatus and m. infraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the muscles that are innervated by Nn. pectorales?

    <p>N. pectoralis medialis et lateralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two nerves make up the Fasciculus lateralis?

    <p>Radix lateralis n.mediani and N.musculocutaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of pressure or irritation of the n.medianus in the carpal tunnel?

    <p>Carpal tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does NOT receive innervation from the n.medianus?

    <p>m.pronator teres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many digital branches does the 1st n.digitalis palmaris communis divide into?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the n.medianus run through to reach the palm?

    <p>Carpal tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area does the nn.digitales palmares proprii NOT supply?

    <p>Skin of the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves descends along the sulcus bicipitalis medialis with the n.medianus?

    <p>N.ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nn.digitales palmares communes?

    <p>Innervate the lumbrical muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the N.interosseus antebrachii anterior?

    <p>Supplies the 3rd and 4th layers of the anterior muscles of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve pierces the m.coracobrachialis?

    <p>N.musculocutaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve lies on the dorsal side of the hand and supplies the skin of the proximal phalanx of the thumb?

    <p>N.radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ramus profundus of N.radialis supply?

    <p>Muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ramus palmaris of N.medianus?

    <p>Supplies skin over the prominent part of the palm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does the N.radialis NOT supply?

    <p>Biceps brachii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure does N.interosseus antebrachii posterior primarily supply?

    <p>Deep layer of the posterior compartment muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of N.radialis after it descends between m.brachioradialis and m.brachialis?

    <p>Divides into two terminal branches in the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Spinal Nerves

    • Spinal nerves are 31 paired nerves.
    • Each nerve is formed by an anterior and posterior root.
    • Each spinal nerve contains both afferent and efferent fibers.

    Afferent (Sensory) Fibers

    • Convey impulses to the central nervous system.
    • These are peripheral processes of pseudounipolar neurons in the spinal ganglia.
    • Include somatic and visceral afferent fibers.

    Somatic Afferent Fibers

    • Arise from exteroreceptors and proprioreceptors.

    Visceral Afferent Fibers

    • Are also peripheral processes of pseudounipolar neurons in the spinal ganglia.
    • They reach the spinal nerve through white rami communicantes.
    • These originate from interoceptors of organs.

    Efferent Fibers

    • Convey impulses from the central nervous system to peripheral.
    • Two groups: somatic and visceral (autonomic).

    Somatic Efferent Fibers (Motor)

    • These are axons of motor nuclei (anterior column of the gray matter).
    • These supply skeletal muscles.

    Visceral Efferent Fibers (Autonomic)

    • Originates from the nucleus intermediolateralis.
    • Sympathetic (preganglionic) fibers run in the content of all thoracic and upper two lumbar spinal nerves.
    • They join sympathetic trunk ganglia via white rami communicantes.
    • Parasympathetic fibers originate from the nucleus parasympathicus sacralis.
    • They run in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th sacral spinal nerves.
    • These connect to pelvic parasympathetic ganglia via ventral branches of thesacral nerves.

    Spinal Nerve Branches

    • Ramus meningeus
    • Contains sensory fibers.
    • Returns to the vertebral canal and supplies the meninges.
    • Ramus communicans albus
    • Connects the spinal nerve with the sympathetic trunk.
    • Ramus posterior (dorsalis)
    • Usually smaller than the ventral branch.
    • Supplies skin and muscles of the back and posterior part of the neck.
    • Ramus anterior (ventralis)
    • Supplies skin and muscles of the lateral and anterior parts of the trunk and limbs
    • The metamericity is only present in thoracic nerves.

    Other Plexuses

    • Plexus cervicalis

    • Is formed by anterior branches of the upper four cervical spinal nerves.

    • Lies on the deep muscles and covered by m. sternocleidomastoideus (in trigonum colli laterale).

      • Consists of three branches: motor, sensory & mixed

    • Plexus brachialis

    • Is formed by the anterior branches of four lower cervical spinal nerves and partly by the 4th cervical and 1st thoracic spinal nerves.

    • Lies between m. scalenus anterior and m. scalenus medius with a. subclavia.

    • Divides into two part: supraclavicularis and infraclavicularis

    • Plexus lumbalis

    • Is formed by three upper lumbar spinal nerves.

    • Plexus sacralis

    • Is formed by the anterior branches of the 4th and 5th lumbar, all sacral and coccygeal spinal nerves.

    Branches of N. Cervicalis

    • Rr. musculares- supply muscles of the lateral, deep, craniothoracal groups of the neck.

    • Ansa cervicalis – formed from two roots, superior and inferior; supplies the straight muscles of the neck.

    Branches of N. Cervicalis

    • N. occipitalis minor
    • N. auricularis magnus
    • N. transversus colli
    • Nn. supraclaviculares

    N. phrenicus

    • Descends along m. scalenus anterior, passes between a. et v. subclavia and through superior thoracic aperture.
    • Enters the thoracic cavity and lies within the superior and middle mediastinum.
    • It runs in front of the radix pulmonis between pleura mediastinalis and pericardium.
    • Supplies sensory fibers to pericardium; diaphragmatic pleura parietale; peritoneum parietale in region around pancreas and liver; and thymus.
    • Motor fibers supply diaphragm.

    N. medianus

    • Formed from the medial and lateral radix from the brachial plexus.
    • Lies along sulcus bicipitalis medialis.
    • It provides branches to:
      • Cutaneous branches – brachii and antebrachii medialis
      • Cutaneous palmar branches
      • Muscular branches (to muscles of the hand)

    N. musculocutaneus

    • Pierces m. coracobrachialis, passes between m. biceps brachii and m. brachialis.
    • Supplies the anterior compartment of the arm.
    • Then the nerve lies in sulcus bicipitalis lateralis.

    N. radialis

    • Lies behind a. axillaris, and descends along sulcus n. radialis.
    • It runs with a. profunda brachii and v. profundae brachii.
    • Continues between m. brachioradialis and m. brachialis.
    • It divides into two terminal branches in the cubital fossa.

    N. Radialis terminal branches

    • Ramus superficialis - lies between m. brachioradiallis and m. flexor carpi radialis, then under the tendon of m. brachioradialis winds to the dorsal side of the hand.
    • Ramus profundus - pierces m. supinator, curves around collum radii and reaches the dorsal side of the forearm.

    N. axillaris

    • Lies behind a. axillaris together with a. circumflexa humeri posterior and v. circumflexa humeri posterior.

    • It curves around the posterior side of collum chirurgicum humeri.

    • It supplies m. deltoideus, m. teres minor, and art. humeri.

    • It gives off n. cutaneus brachii lateralis, which supplies skin at the lateral part of the brachium.

    Fasciculus lateralis

    • Formed from radix lateralis n. mediani and n. musculocutaneus.

    Fasciculus medialis

    • Formed from radix medialis n. mediani and from n. ulnaris, n. cutaneus antebrachii medialis and n. cutaneus brachii medialis.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the cervical plexus and its functions with this quiz. Explore the primary roles of various nerves and muscles associated with the neck region. Answer questions about the innervation and composition of spinal nerves to enhance your understanding of human anatomy.

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