Medical Conditions in Pregnancy

Blood pressure of 160/110 mmHg or higher, accompanied by severe headache, hyperreflexia, and blurred vision.

A serious complication of pregnancy characterized by Hemolysis (H), Elevated Liver enzymes (EL), and Low Platelets (LP).

Sudden onset of seizures or coma, often preceded by severe headaches, epigastric pain, and hyperreflexia.

Maternal age younger than 19 or older than 40 increases risk of preeclampsia.

First pregnancies have a higher risk of preeclampsia than subsequent pregnancies.

High blood pressure (140/90 or higher) that develops for the first time during pregnancy, usually after 20 weeks.

A serious condition associated with gestational hypertension characterized by high blood pressure and other symptoms (headache, edema, irritability, etc.)

A blood test to check for high blood sugar levels, usually performed between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.

High blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

Low blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

Conditions that increase the chance of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting, including younger maternal age, multiple pregnancies, gestational trophoblastic disease, stress, thyroid issues, diabetes, and family history.

Symptoms of severe pregnancy nausea and vomiting, including excessive vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and poor skin elasticity.

Factors that contribute to low iron levels during pregnancy, such as short intervals between pregnancies, heavy menstrual bleeding, a diet lacking iron, and unhealthy weight loss.

Symptoms of low iron during pregnancy, including fatigue, weakness, and unusual food cravings (pica).

High risk conditions like large baby problems due to higher levels of insulin produced by the fetus, leading to complications

Nursing care for severe morning sickness, focusing on monitoring fluid intake and output, skin condition, vital signs, and weight, along with recommending a clear liquid diet and NPO until the vomiting ceases.

Oral Iron supplements should be taken on an empty stomach & with Vitamin C-rich foods to enhance absorption.

High risk condition related to potential problems with the size of the baby, due to the baby's body producing higher levels of its own insulin.

A condition where the cervix starts to open (dilate) too early in pregnancy, which can lead to the loss of a pregnancy.

An injury to the cervix, often from a previous childbirth or surgery, that can weaken the cervix and make it more likely to dilate prematurely.

A risk factor for cervical insufficiency where the mother took DES during pregnancy, which can affect the development of the cervix.

A procedure where a stitch is placed around the cervix to help keep it closed.

The removal of the stitches placed around the cervix, usually between 36 and 38 weeks of pregnancy.

Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, causing dehydration and weight loss.

A condition during pregnancy where low iron levels cause fatigue, weakness, and unusual food cravings (pica).

Factors contributing to low iron during pregnancy, including short intervals between pregnancies, heavy menstrual bleeding, a diet lacking iron, and unhealthy weight loss.

Treatment includes increasing dietary iron with iron-rich foods and supplements, taking iron on an empty stomach with vitamin C for better absorption, and managing constipation with fiber and fluids.

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy, posing risks to the fetus, especially regarding its size due to increased insulin production.

Risks associated with GDM include the baby being larger than expected due to increased insulin production, potentially leading to complications.

Glucose screening is typically done between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.

Gestational Diabetes can lead to the fetus producing excessive insulin, causing the baby to grow abnormally large. This can increase the risk of birth complications.

Gestational Diabetes can lead to high blood sugar levels, causing potential problems for the mother, including increased risk of preeclampsia, premature labor, and infections.

Symptoms can include frequent thirst, increased urination, increased hunger, nausea, abdominal pain, dry skin, and a fruity breath odor. These are all related to the body trying to get rid of excess sugar.

The initial treatment for gestational diabetes is often diet and exercise modification. Insulin therapy may be required if blood sugar levels cannot be controlled with lifestyle changes.

Severe Preeclampsia is characterized by blood pressure of 160/110 mmHg or higher, accompanied by severe headache, hyperreflexia (overactive reflexes), and blurred vision.

Eclampsia is characterized by the onset of seizures or coma, often preceded by severe headaches, epigastric pain (upper abdominal pain), hyperreflexia, and hemoconcentration (thickening of blood).

HELLP syndrome stands for: Hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells), Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets.

Some risk factors for preeclampsia include maternal age younger than 19 or older than 40, first pregnancy, extreme obesity, multifetal gestations (twins or more), chronic renal disease, chronic hypertension, family history of preeclampsia, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Some findings associated with preeclampsia include severe continuous headache, nausea, blurred vision, flashes of light or dots before the eyes, hypertension, proteinuria, periorbital, facial, hand, and abdominal edema, pitting edema in lower extremities, vomiting, oliguria (reduced urine output), hyperreflexia, scotoma (blind spots), epigastric pain, right upper quadrant pain, seizures, jaundice, diminished breath sounds, and dyspnea.