24 Questions
What is the usual clinical consequence of cervical inflammation in women?
Little clinical consequence
What is the composition of cervical polyps?
Loose fibrous stroma with dilated mucus-secreting endocervical glands
What is the cause of microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix?
Progestin administration
At what age does the incidence of cervical cancer peak?
45 years
What is the significance of identifying cervical inflammation with gonococci, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, and herpes simplex virus?
Sexual transmission and upper genital tract disease
What is the characteristic of benign exophytic growths of the cervix?
Soft, mucoid lesions
What is the characteristic of CIN3?
Atypical cells involving the whole thickness of the epithelium
What percentage of Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cases occur under 5 years of age?
90%
What is the precursor lesion for invasive adenocarcinoma?
Adenocarcinoma In Situ (AIS)
What is the characteristic of squamous cell carcinomas in cervical carcinoma?
Either keratinizing or nonkeratinizing
What is the typical appearance of Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma on gross examination?
A large, reddish, soft mass
What is the primary site of HPV infection in the cervix?
Immature basal cells of the squamous epithelium
What is the most common type of cervical carcinoma?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is the characteristic of the malignant cells in Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma?
Small cells with oval nuclei
Which of the following is a risk factor for cervical cancer?
Having a partner with a sexually transmitted disease
What is the consequence of HPV DNA integration in cervical cells?
Interference with p53 and RB genes
What is the association of cervical inflammation with upper genital tract disease?
It is a significant association
What is the diagnosis for a cervical biopsy specimen with atypical dysplastic squamous epithelial cells in the lower one-third of the epithelium and no invasion into the underlying tissue?
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III
What is the aetiological factor responsible for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia?
Infection by human papilloma virus
What is the type of cervical cancer that arises from the squamous epithelium?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
What is the typical location of endocervical polyps?
Endocervix
What is the characteristic of invasive carcinoma in the cervix?
Break of the epithelial basement membrane at any point
What is the characteristic of endocervical polyps?
Soft, mucoid lesions
What is the percentage of cervical carcinoma cases that are adenocarcinoma?
15%
Study Notes
Cervical Inflammation
- Found in almost all women, but usually has little clinical consequence.
- Can be caused by infections such as gonococci, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, and herpes simplex virus, leading to acute or chronic cervicitis.
- Important to identify association with upper genital tract disease, complications during pregnancy, and sexual transmission.
Benign Exophytic Growths
- Arise from the endocervix.
- Cause irregular vaginal bleeding.
- Characterized as soft, mucoid lesions composed of loose fibrous stroma containing dilated, mucus-secreting endocervical glands, often accompanied by inflammation.
Endocervical Polyps
- Benign condition characterized by closely packed proliferation of endocervical glands without intervening stroma.
- Caused by progestin administration, such as during pregnancy, postpartum period, or oral contraceptive pills administration.
Premalignant and Malignant Neoplasms of the Uterine Cervix
- One of the most common cancers in females, especially in developing countries.
- Peak incidence occurs at 45 years of age.
This quiz covers the causes and effects of cervical inflammation, including infections by various pathogens and their associations with upper genital tract disease and complications during pregnancy.
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