Cervical Cancer Overview and Assessment
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Questions and Answers

Which symptom is specifically related to cervical cancer?

  • Shortness of breath
  • Headaches
  • Severe abdominal cramps
  • Foul-smelling vaginal discharge (correct)

What is the purpose of Pap tests in relation to cervical cancer?

  • To monitor hormonal levels
  • To screen for cervical cancer (correct)
  • To detect STDs
  • To evaluate pregnancy status

What does a hysterectomy involve?

  • Removal of the uterus and cervix (correct)
  • Removal of bladder and rectum
  • Removal of only the cervix
  • Removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes only

Which of the following describes invasive cervical cancer?

<p>Extends beyond the cervix to other pelvic structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure uses heat and electricity to remove tissue?

<p>LEEP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a premalignant change in cervical cancer?

<p>Dysplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major component of pelvic exenteration?

<p>Removal of bladder and rectosigmoid colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the postoperative interventions for patients undergoing pelvic exenteration?

<p>Monitoring vital signs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for developing cervical cancer?

<p>Regular exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition may result in leakage of urine and feces from the vagina?

<p>Fistula formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of cryosurgery?

<p>To freeze cancer cells for destruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age group is appropriate for individuals to undergo Pap smear testing?

<p>15 years old and above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During treatment with internal radiation implants, what should patients be instructed to do?

<p>Flush the toilet twice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What procedure is performed to remove cancer and surrounding tissues from the cervix?

<p>Conization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following surgeries was first pioneered in 1948 for advanced cancer?

<p>Pelvic exenteration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential complication from calcium leakage should be monitored post-surgery?

<p>Hypercalcemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hysterectomy

Surgical procedure to remove the uterus, often including the cervix.

Punch Biopsy

A procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the cervix using a needle.

Cone Biopsy

Removal of a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix, often used to diagnose or treat abnormal cells.

LEEP

A procedure similar to a cone biopsy, but utilizes heat and electricity to remove tissue.

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Cryosurgery

Surgical procedure using freezing to destroy abnormal cells.

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Internal Radiation Implants

A type of radiation therapy where radioactive materials are placed inside the body near the tumor.

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Pelvic Exenteration

A very radical surgery that removes most of the organs in the pelvic region, including the uterus, ovaries, vagina, bladder, and rectum.

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Postoperative Interventions (PE)

Measures taken after pelvic exenteration surgery, focusing on monitoring vital signs, assisting with breathing and movement, and preventing complications.

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Cervical Cancer Symptoms

Common symptoms include painless vaginal bleeding, foul-smelling discharge, pelvic pain, anorexia, weight loss, urine/feces leakage, painful urination, blood in urine, and abnormal Pap smear results.

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Cervical Cancer Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves examining the cervix, identifying if the cancer is preinvasive (limited to the cervix) or invasive (spread to other pelvic areas).

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Cervical Cancer Stages

Cervical cancer progresses through stages, starting with premalignant changes (dysplasia) and advancing to carcinoma in situ (most advanced premalignant stage).

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Cervical Cancer Risk Factors

Factors increasing cervical cancer risk include smoking, HPV infection, weak immune system, family history, long-term birth control pill use, and multiple sexual partners.

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Cervical Cancer Screening

Pap Smear tests are used to screen for cervical cancer. These tests detect abnormal cells in the cervix, which can be treated to prevent cancer development.

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Conization for Cervical Cancer

A surgical procedure to remove the cancerous tissue and surrounding tissue.

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Cervical Cancer Metastasis

Cervical cancer can spread through the lymphatic system to distant locations but is usually confined to the pelvis.

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Cervical Cancer and HIV

Women who are sexually active and have started menstruating (around 15 years old) should undergo HIV testing, as it's a risk factor for cervical cancer.

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Study Notes

Cervical Cancer Assessment

  • Painless vaginal bleeding (postmenstrual, postcoital)
  • Foul-smelling or bloody vaginal discharge
  • Pelvic, lower back, leg, or groin pain
  • Anorexia and weight loss
  • Leakage of urine or stool from the vagina (fistula)
  • Dysuria (painful urination)
  • Hematuria (blood in urine)
  • Cytological changes on Pap test

Cervical Cancer Diagnosis

  • Pap smear
  • HPV testing
  • Punch biopsy
  • Endocervical curettage
  • Cone biopsy
  • Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)

Cervical Cancer Risk Factors

  • Smoking
  • HPV infection
  • Weak immune system
  • Family history
  • Long-term oral contraceptive use
  • Multiple sexual partners

Cervical Cancer in the Philippines

  • 3,464 deaths in 2018
  • 8.52 deaths per 100,000 of the population
  • Ranks #86 globally

Cervical Cancer Types

  • Preinvasive cancer (limited to the cervix)
  • Invasive cancer (spreads beyond the cervix)

Cervical Cancer Treatment

  • Surgical:
    • Conization (removal of cancerous and surrounding tissue)
    • Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus, including the cervix)
    • Pelvic exenteration (removal of pelvic organs)
  • Non-Surgical:
    • Chemotherapy
    • Cryosurgery (freezing cancer cells)
    • External radiation
    • Internal radiation implants (intracavitary)
    • Laser therapy

Brachytherapy

  • Radiation therapy that uses applicators.

Postoperative Interventions

  • Monitor vital signs
  • Encourage coughing and deep breathing exercises
  • Assist with range-of-motion exercises
  • Apply anti-embolism stockings or sequential compression devices
  • Monitor intake and output
  • Monitor bowel sounds
  • Assess incision site
  • Administer pain medication as prescribed
  • Limit strenuous activity
  • Avoid tub baths and sitting for extended periods
  • Instruct on signs of complications

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Related Documents

NCM 112 Cervical Cancer PDF

Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of cervical cancer, including assessment techniques, diagnosis methods, risk factors, prevalence in the Philippines, types, and treatment options. Test your knowledge on the details that are critical for understanding cervical cancer and its impact.

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