Podcast
Questions and Answers
Cancer is confined to the ______.
Cancer is confined to the ______.
cervix
The machine used for colposcopy is called a ______.
The machine used for colposcopy is called a ______.
colposcope
In stage 2, cancer has spread to the cervix and ______, but hasn’t spread further.
In stage 2, cancer has spread to the cervix and ______, but hasn’t spread further.
uterus
In stage 3, cancer has moved beyond the cervix and ______.
In stage 3, cancer has moved beyond the cervix and ______.
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At stage 4, cancer has spread to nearby organs like the bladder or ______.
At stage 4, cancer has spread to nearby organs like the bladder or ______.
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A ______ biopsy involves excising a large tissue around the cervix.
A ______ biopsy involves excising a large tissue around the cervix.
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Chemotherapy uses ______ to destroy cancer cells.
Chemotherapy uses ______ to destroy cancer cells.
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During a colposcopy, the patient is positioned in a ______ position.
During a colposcopy, the patient is positioned in a ______ position.
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With the long-term use of contraceptive pills, it actually increases the sexual activity or partners wherein it does not have protective measures to have a _____ against the exposure of HPV.
With the long-term use of contraceptive pills, it actually increases the sexual activity or partners wherein it does not have protective measures to have a _____ against the exposure of HPV.
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The bleeding is not related to the menstrual cycle but actually the bleeding that is being produced is now because of the _____ formation.
The bleeding is not related to the menstrual cycle but actually the bleeding that is being produced is now because of the _____ formation.
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Increased vaginal discharge is the normal response because the inflammation is taking place in the area that’s why vaginal discharges are increased in the form of _____ .
Increased vaginal discharge is the normal response because the inflammation is taking place in the area that’s why vaginal discharges are increased in the form of _____ .
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Bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods is an important sign of _____ .
Bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods is an important sign of _____ .
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The mere fact that they are having contraceptive pills, they feel safe of not getting pregnant but the exposure to a certain _____ is not guaranteed.
The mere fact that they are having contraceptive pills, they feel safe of not getting pregnant but the exposure to a certain _____ is not guaranteed.
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Since the location of the uterus and cervix is in between the pelvic cavity, the _____ will manifest in the pelvic area.
Since the location of the uterus and cervix is in between the pelvic cavity, the _____ will manifest in the pelvic area.
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There is a specific range on how long an individual should only use contraceptive pills because of irritation of the area, there is a cessation of _____ .
There is a specific range on how long an individual should only use contraceptive pills because of irritation of the area, there is a cessation of _____ .
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The flavonoid-rich foods include apples, black beans, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, garlic, onions, soy, and ______.
The flavonoid-rich foods include apples, black beans, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, garlic, onions, soy, and ______.
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It still has something to do with _____.
It still has something to do with _____.
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Folate, a water-soluble B vitamin, reduces the risk of cervical cancer in people with ______.
Folate, a water-soluble B vitamin, reduces the risk of cervical cancer in people with ______.
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Foods rich in folate include avocados, breads, lentils, orange juice, and ______.
Foods rich in folate include avocados, breads, lentils, orange juice, and ______.
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Carotenoids, which are a source of vitamin A, can help prevent ______ cancer risk.
Carotenoids, which are a source of vitamin A, can help prevent ______ cancer risk.
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Compressed nitrogen gas flows through cryoprobe making the metal cold enough to freeze and destroy the abnormal ______ tissue.
Compressed nitrogen gas flows through cryoprobe making the metal cold enough to freeze and destroy the abnormal ______ tissue.
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If every female adheres to current HPV vaccination programs, the total number of female deaths from cervical cancer globally will drop by hundreds of ______ each year.
If every female adheres to current HPV vaccination programs, the total number of female deaths from cervical cancer globally will drop by hundreds of ______ each year.
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The patient is in a ______ position during certain medical procedures.
The patient is in a ______ position during certain medical procedures.
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You can receive your HPV vaccine as early as ______ years old.
You can receive your HPV vaccine as early as ______ years old.
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Safe sex, monogamy, use of ______, and avoiding multiple partners.
Safe sex, monogamy, use of ______, and avoiding multiple partners.
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Cervical screening is in the form of a ______ Test or Pap Smear.
Cervical screening is in the form of a ______ Test or Pap Smear.
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It is important to ______ sexual partners as a preventive measure.
It is important to ______ sexual partners as a preventive measure.
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There is a certain age that needs to be followed before starting the ______ sexual contact.
There is a certain age that needs to be followed before starting the ______ sexual contact.
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Smoking has a predisposing factor for carcinogenic effects due to the ______ component.
Smoking has a predisposing factor for carcinogenic effects due to the ______ component.
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Patients with cysts in the ovary are advised to have examinations every ______ months.
Patients with cysts in the ovary are advised to have examinations every ______ months.
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Cells in the ovary can develop cellular ______ due to certain risk factors.
Cells in the ovary can develop cellular ______ due to certain risk factors.
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Early stages of ovarian concern are often ______, showing no signs or symptoms.
Early stages of ovarian concern are often ______, showing no signs or symptoms.
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There are still no tumors inside the ______.
There are still no tumors inside the ______.
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Sometimes there are tumor-like formations but it's not too detectable unless it has reproduction of abnormal ______.
Sometimes there are tumor-like formations but it's not too detectable unless it has reproduction of abnormal ______.
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The tumor is growing bigger and bigger in ______-stage cancer.
The tumor is growing bigger and bigger in ______-stage cancer.
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Since this is a solid tumor, external ______ is possible and applicable.
Since this is a solid tumor, external ______ is possible and applicable.
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Chemotherapy will come into management because it will come to eradicate the abnormally dividing ______.
Chemotherapy will come into management because it will come to eradicate the abnormally dividing ______.
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Inserting chemotherapy in the ______ cavity allows for better access to the ovaries.
Inserting chemotherapy in the ______ cavity allows for better access to the ovaries.
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If the ovaries had an involvement in its adjacent organs, the procedure is called ______.
If the ovaries had an involvement in its adjacent organs, the procedure is called ______.
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The management in the reproductive organs after surgery are almost the ______ because they are all close together in one area.
The management in the reproductive organs after surgery are almost the ______ because they are all close together in one area.
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The problem in ovarian cancer is that it is being detected in the later ______.
The problem in ovarian cancer is that it is being detected in the later ______.
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When the ovaries enlarge, it results in an ______ mass within the abdominal area.
When the ovaries enlarge, it results in an ______ mass within the abdominal area.
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Elevated tumor markers such as ______ indicate that cellular aberration is taking place.
Elevated tumor markers such as ______ indicate that cellular aberration is taking place.
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Gastrointestinal disturbances may occur due to the effects of ______ and progesterone on mobility.
Gastrointestinal disturbances may occur due to the effects of ______ and progesterone on mobility.
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High levels of progesterone can lead to ______ in patients.
High levels of progesterone can lead to ______ in patients.
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Ovarian cancer assessment includes observing for ______ discomfort in the pelvic area.
Ovarian cancer assessment includes observing for ______ discomfort in the pelvic area.
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A growing ______ or tumor in the ovaries can cause significant discomfort and complications.
A growing ______ or tumor in the ovaries can cause significant discomfort and complications.
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Patients with elevated tumor markers may also have abnormal protein levels produced by ______.
Patients with elevated tumor markers may also have abnormal protein levels produced by ______.
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Study Notes
Endometrial Uterine, Cervical, and Ovarian Cancer
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Endometrial Uterine Cancer:
- Introduction: Pear-shaped organ within the female reproductive system, where fertilized eggs implant. Provides nourishment and environment for the growing fetus.
- Risk Factors: Estrogen Replacement Therapy (ERT) prolongs estrogen exposure. Nulliparity (never given birth). Polycystic Ovary Disease (increased hormone production). Increased age is a non-modifiable risk factor. Late menopause results in prolonged estrogen exposure. Family history of uterine cancer and obesity are genetic risk factors.
- Assessment: Abnormal bleeding (unplanned/unexpected), vaginal discharges (abnormal colors/odors). Low back, pelvic, or abdominal pain.
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Cervical Cancer:
- Introduction: Third most common cancer in women worldwide.
- Causes: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
- Risk Factors: Smoking (carcinogenic nicotine). Weakened immune system makes individuals susceptible to viruses like HPV. Multiple pregnancies increase exposure risk.
- Signs and Symptoms: Abnormal bleeding between periods. Bleeding after sexual intercourse, douching, or pelvic exam. Bleeding after menopause. Increased vaginal discharge. Pelvic pain.
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Ovarian Cancer:
- Introduction: Develops in the ovaries (female reproductive glands).
- Risk Factors: White women and those ages 55-65 are more likely. Geographic location (North America, Europe).
- Diagnosis: Exploratory laparotomy (surgical incision in the abdominal cavity).
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General Treatment/Management:
- Non-Surgical Interventions: External or internal radiation (for solid tumors). Chemotherapy. Progesterone therapy (for estrogen-dependent tumors). Tamoxifen (anti-estrogen).
- Surgical Interventions: Radical hysterectomy; total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAHBSO); partial or total hysterectomy.
- Nursing Interventions: Pre-op: provide education on cancer stage, treatment options, and side effects of radiation/chemotherapy. Post-op: monitor for shock, internal/external bleeding (hemorrhage). Hemorrhage is more common after vaginal hysterectomy. Encourage ambulation. Monitor hydration needs, stool characteristics/frequency (bowel issues). Encourage fluids/IV hydration.
- Dietary Management: Eat fruits/vegetables high in flavonoids (protection against cancer), folate (reduces cervical cancer risk), carotenoids (vitamin A, for reducing cervical cancer risk).
- Prevention: Safe sex practices (one partner, condoms). Cervical screening (Pap smear). Have few sexual partners. Delay first sexual intercourse. Don't smoke. Maintain a healthy weight. Exercise. HPV vaccination.
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Description
This quiz covers critical information about endometrial uterine cancer and cervical cancer, including their definitions, risk factors, and assessment methods. Understand the impact of estrogen, HPV, and other influences on these cancers. Equip yourself with knowledge essential for women's health.
