Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the appearance of the CSF sample in a normal condition?
What is the appearance of the CSF sample in a normal condition?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of a cloudy, turbid, or milky CSF appearance?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of a cloudy, turbid, or milky CSF appearance?
What is the likely cause of a bloody CSF sample?
What is the likely cause of a bloody CSF sample?
What is the term for the yellow, orange, or pink discoloration of the CSF sample?
What is the term for the yellow, orange, or pink discoloration of the CSF sample?
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What is the significance of a pellicle in a CSF sample?
What is the significance of a pellicle in a CSF sample?
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What can cause disruptions to the selective filtration of the blood-brain barrier?
What can cause disruptions to the selective filtration of the blood-brain barrier?
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What is the typical appearance of CSF in cases of old hemorrhage?
What is the typical appearance of CSF in cases of old hemorrhage?
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What can cause elevated serum bilirubin levels?
What can cause elevated serum bilirubin levels?
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What is the name of the protein that can be produced within the CNS in certain disorders?
What is the name of the protein that can be produced within the CNS in certain disorders?
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What can cause uneven distribution of blood components in the CSF?
What can cause uneven distribution of blood components in the CSF?
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Study Notes
CSF Appearance and Causes
- Crystal clear CSF: normal appearance
- Hazy, turbid, or cloudy CSF: presence of microorganisms, white blood cells (WBCs), or high protein levels, indicating meningitis
- Bloody CSF: intracranial hemorrhage or traumatic tap
- Xanthochromic CSF (pink/orange/yellow): presence of hemoglobin, bilirubin, carotene, or melanin, depending on the length of contact between RBCs and CSF
- Clotted CSF: introduced clotting factors due to traumatic tap
- Pellicle: seen in tubercular meningitis, especially after overnight refrigeration
- Oily CSF: presence of radiographic contrast media
CSF Abnormalities and Disorders
- Meningitis: cloudy, turbid, or milky CSF, high WBC count, and elevated protein levels
- Traumatic tap: bloody CSF, clotted CSF, or presence of RBCs
- Intracerebral hemorrhage: bloody CSF
- Tubercular meningitis: pellicle formation, cloudy CSF, and high protein levels
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Description
This quiz covers the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, including the appearance of the sample and the significance of different colors and components. It's an essential topic in neurology and laboratory medicine.
