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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the primary sensory cortex?
What is the primary function of the primary sensory cortex?
- Localize and identify sensory stimuli (correct)
- Integrate sensory modalities
- Process information specific to a single primary cortex
- Trigger movement commands
Where are the frontal eye fields located in the brain?
Where are the frontal eye fields located in the brain?
- Supplementary Motor Area
- Pre-motor cortex (correct)
- Somatosensory cortex
- Primary motor cortex
Which region of the cerebral cortex is responsible for integrating multiple sensory modalities?
Which region of the cerebral cortex is responsible for integrating multiple sensory modalities?
- Primary motor cortex
- Somatosensory cortex
- Association cortex (correct)
- Primary sensory cortex
What is the function of the supplementary motor area?
What is the function of the supplementary motor area?
What structure does the pre-motor cortex project primarily to?
What structure does the pre-motor cortex project primarily to?
Which area of the cerebral cortex processes information specific to a single primary area?
Which area of the cerebral cortex processes information specific to a single primary area?
In what part of the brain are the legs represented in the somatotopic organization?
In what part of the brain are the legs represented in the somatotopic organization?
Which region of the cerebral cortex is known as a 'push button' for triggering muscle movement?
Which region of the cerebral cortex is known as a 'push button' for triggering muscle movement?
What is a key feature of the somatosensory cortex?
What is a key feature of the somatosensory cortex?
Which area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for processing information from multiple sensory modalities?
Which area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for processing information from multiple sensory modalities?
What is the primary function of the pre-motor cortex?
What is the primary function of the pre-motor cortex?
Which area is responsible for coordinating bilateral movements?
Which area is responsible for coordinating bilateral movements?
A lesion in the pre-motor cortex is likely to cause which of the following deficits?
A lesion in the pre-motor cortex is likely to cause which of the following deficits?
Which area is primarily responsible for the mental rehearsal of complex movement sequences?
Which area is primarily responsible for the mental rehearsal of complex movement sequences?
What is the term for the inability to recognize objects through touch, caused by a lesion in the somatosensory association cortex?
What is the term for the inability to recognize objects through touch, caused by a lesion in the somatosensory association cortex?
Which area is responsible for processing and integrating basic somatosensory information into meaningful perceptions?
Which area is responsible for processing and integrating basic somatosensory information into meaningful perceptions?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the supplementary motor area?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the supplementary motor area?
What is the term for the inability to perform skilled, coordinated movements, which can result from a lesion in the supplementary motor area?
What is the term for the inability to perform skilled, coordinated movements, which can result from a lesion in the supplementary motor area?
Which area is responsible for executing basic muscle contractions?
Which area is responsible for executing basic muscle contractions?
Which of the following statements about the pre-motor cortex is NOT true?
Which of the following statements about the pre-motor cortex is NOT true?
What is the key difference between the 'ready' phase and the 'go' phase in movement preparation?
What is the key difference between the 'ready' phase and the 'go' phase in movement preparation?
How do lesions to the premotor cortex affect movement initiation?
How do lesions to the premotor cortex affect movement initiation?
What is one of the primary functions of the supplementary motor area?
What is one of the primary functions of the supplementary motor area?
Which statement best describes the role of the somatosensory association cortex?
Which statement best describes the role of the somatosensory association cortex?
How does agnosia relate to the somatosensory association cortex?
How does agnosia relate to the somatosensory association cortex?
What happens in stereoagnosia, a condition related to the somatosensory association cortex?
What happens in stereoagnosia, a condition related to the somatosensory association cortex?
What is the primary function of the multimodal (or heteromodal) association cortex?
What is the primary function of the multimodal (or heteromodal) association cortex?
What is a key feature of the motor association cortex?
What is a key feature of the motor association cortex?
What distinguishes the pre-motor cortex from the primary motor cortex?
What distinguishes the pre-motor cortex from the primary motor cortex?
Which area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for processing information specific to a single primary cortex?
Which area of the cerebral cortex is responsible for processing information specific to a single primary cortex?
What is the main role of the supplementary motor area?
What is the main role of the supplementary motor area?
Where are the frontal eye fields typically located within the brain?
Where are the frontal eye fields typically located within the brain?
What type of information does the unimodal association cortex process?
What type of information does the unimodal association cortex process?
What is a distinguishing feature of the pre-motor cortex?
What is a distinguishing feature of the pre-motor cortex?
What is a significant function of the primary sensory cortex?
What is a significant function of the primary sensory cortex?
Where is the somatosensory association cortex typically located?
Where is the somatosensory association cortex typically located?
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Study Notes
Primary Sensory Cortex
- Localizes and identifies sensory stimuli
- Processes raw data from senses (e.g., touch, where sensation is coming from)
Primary Motor Cortex
- Triggers and executes movement commands
- Contains upper pyramidal neurons (UPN) that send signals to lower pyramidal neurons (LPN) to trigger and modulate execution
- Acts as a "push button" for the spinal cord to trigger muscle contractions
Association Cortex
Unimodal Association Cortex
- Processes information specific to a single primary cortex
- Allows for higher-level processing of a single activity
- Adjacent to somatosensory cortex
Multimodal (or Heteromodal) Association Cortex
- Integrates multiple sensory modalities (e.g., large portions of temporal, frontal, and inferior parietal lobe)
- Pulls information from multiple unimodal areas to give more meaning
Motor Association Cortex
Pre-Motor Cortex
- Functions prior to movement onset
- Set-related and directionally specific
- Coordinating activity of multiple joints within the same limb (arm/leg)
- Stimulation causes muscle contractions at multiple joints
- Affects contralateral limbs
- Lesions cause inability to initiate movement or coordinate multi-joint movements
Supplementary Motor Area
- Coordinates bilateral movement
- Programs complex sequences of movement (e.g., playing piano)
- Affects contralateral limbs
- Direct influence on proximal muscles (shoulder/hip region)
- Influence on distal muscles via primary motor cortex
- Inter-hemispheric connections for bilateral coordination
- Lesions cause deficits in bimanual coordination and inability to perform complex acts
Somatosensory Association Cortex
- Responsible for high-level processing
- Takes basic associations and forms a deeper, complex meaning
- Lesions can cause stereoagnosia (inability to recognize objects by touch) or agraphesthesia (inability to recognize writing on the skin)
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