Cephalosporins

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Questions and Answers

Cephalosporins were traditionally grouped into how many generations based on their antimicrobial activity?

  • Three
  • Four (correct)
  • Five
  • Two

Which cephalosporin generations are classified as "highest priority critically important antimicrobials"?

  • First and second
  • Second and third
  • Third and fourth (correct)
  • First and fourth

What is the regulatory status of extra-label use of cephalosporins in the US?

  • It is completely banned
  • It is restricted (correct)
  • It is allowed with no restrictions
  • It is only allowed for food-producing animals

Which of the following statements about cephalosporin absorption is TRUE?

<p>Older foals, horses, and ruminants have erratic oral absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term "flip-flop kinetics" in cephalosporins refers to:

<p>Slow absorption leading to prolonged drug action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The volume of distribution for most cephalosporins is:

<p>Low, indicating distribution mainly in extracellular fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of excretion for most cephalosporins?

<p>Renal excretion as unchanged drug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do third-generation cephalosporins have delayed excretion?

<p>They bind strongly to plasma proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cephalosporins should NOT be used in combination with which class of antibiotics due to nephrotoxicity risk?

<p>Aminoglycosides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reported adverse effect of cephalosporins

<p>Neurotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can gastrointestinal side effects from oral cephalosporins be minimized?

<p>Giving the drug along with food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cephalosporins have a narrow spectrum of activity

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cephalosporins to its correct generation

<p>1st Generation “cefa” = Cefazolin, cephalexin, cefadroxil, cephapirin 2nd generation “fox” = Cefoxitin 3rd generation “cevo” = Ceftiofur, cefovecin, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime 4th generation = Cefquinome</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following first-generation cephalosporins is available as an oral formulation for veterinary use?

<p>Cefadroxil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cephapirin benzathine is available in which of the following formulations for veterinary use?

<p>Intramammary and intrauterine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which third-generation cephalosporin is available as an injectable crystalline free acid formulation for slow release in swine or horses?

<p>Ceftiofur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following third-generation cephalosporins is used as a single subcutaneous (SC) injection in dogs and cats with a 14-day duration of therapy?

<p>Cefovencin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of first-generation cephalosporins in veterinary medicine?

<p>Alternatives to penicillins for staphylococcal and streptococcal infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cephapirin is used to treat mastitis in dairy cattle caused by which of the following pathogens?

<p>Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should third-generation cephalosporins be restricted in veterinary medicine

<p>They contribute to increased rates of MRSP and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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