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Questions and Answers
What is the main principle behind centrifugation?
What is the name of the remaining liquid above the precipitate after centrifugation?
What effect does increasing the effective gravitational force have on the separation of particles in a mixture?
How is the rate of centrifugation usually specified?
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What factor does the conversion between RPM and g depend on?
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What is the name of the particles that migrate away from the axis of the centrifuge during centrifugation?
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In centrifugation, what does the rate of particle separation from a heterogeneous mixture depend on?
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What is the name of the remaining liquid above the precipitate after centrifugation?
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What factor determines the conversion between revolutions per minute (RPM) and acceleration (g) in centrifugation?
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What effect does increasing the effective gravitational force have on the separation of particles in a mixture during centrifugation?
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Study Notes
Centrifugation Principles
- Principle involves using rotation to create a force that separates particles in a mixture based on density.
- Higher density particles migrate toward the bottom, forming a pellet, while less dense particles remain suspended.
Supernatant
- The liquid remaining above the pellet after centrifugation is called the supernatant.
Effective Gravitational Force
- Increasing the effective gravitational force enhances the separation of particles, allowing denser particles to settle more quickly.
Rate of Centrifugation
- The rate of centrifugation is typically specified in revolutions per minute (RPM) or relative centrifugal force (RCF, expressed in g-force).
RPM and g Conversion Factors
- The conversion between RPM and g depends on the radius of the centrifuge rotor and the gravitational constant.
Migrating Particles
- Particles that move away from the axis of the centrifuge during centrifugation are referred to as sedimenting particles.
Separation Rate Factors
- Rate of particle separation in a heterogeneous mixture is influenced by factors such as particle size, shape, density, and the viscosity of the medium.
Supernatant (Reiteration)
- The term for the liquid above the precipitate after centrifugation is consistently referred to as supernatant.
RPM to Acceleration Conversion
- The conversion between revolutions per minute (RPM) and acceleration (g) in centrifugation is determined by the radius of the rotor and the characteristics of the particles being separated.
Enhanced Separation
- Increasing the effective gravitational force during centrifugation results in more efficient and faster particle separation from mixtures.
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Description
Test your knowledge of centrifugation with this quiz! Explore the principles and applications of this mechanical separation process in chemistry and biology. From understanding centrifugal force to optimizing rotor speed, challenge yourself with questions on how centrifugation is used to separate particles based on size, shape, density, and more.
