Center of Gravity in Biomechanics

What does COG stand for?

The summation of all forces at the Center of Gravity equals _____

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the height of female COG from heel?

What is one method to determine the segmental COG?

What height signifies the location of COG for a male subject of 170cm using the Palmar formula?

A lower COG leads to greater stability.

Which factors affect stability?

What is the definition of Base of Support (BOS)?

The line of gravity must fall within _____ to maintain balance.

What happens to stability when the base of support is increased?

Center of Gravity (COG)

COG is a theoretical point where the body's weight is concentrated
The body rotates freely around this point
Sum of forces at this point is zero
Sum of moments at this point is zero

Determining COG

Mathematical methods are used:
- Croskey Formula (considers sex)
- Palmar Formula (doesn't consider sex)
Segmental COG is calculated based on 14 or 16 body segments
When segments are straight, COG is calculated by multiplying the segmental length by 4/7 and measuring from the distal end
When segments are flexed, COG is calculated by considering the COG of each segment

Value of Determining COG

Total COG:
- Helps determine the best stabilization points for patients, especially those with hemiplegia
- Useful for biomechanics to improve player performance
Segmental COG:
- Important in amputations, ensuring the artificial limb's weight distribution matches the amputated limb

Stability

Ability to maintain balance in static and dynamic situations without mechanical devices

Factors Affecting Stability

Center of Gravity: Lower COG leads to greater stability
Base of Support (BOS): Larger BOS increases stability. BOS includes areas of contact with the supporting surface and the space between them.
Line of Gravity (LOG): The LOG is a vertical line from the COG. It must fall within the BOS for balance. The closer the LOG is to the center of BOS, the greater the stability.

Explore the concept of Center of Gravity (COG) and its significance in biomechanics. This quiz covers mathematical methods for determining COG, its value in improving patient stabilization, and its role in enhancing athletic performance. Understand the calculations for both total and segmental COG in various scenarios.