Cellular Transport Worksheet
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Questions and Answers

What type of solution has a GREATER concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cell?

  • Hypertonic Solution (correct)
  • Hypotonic Solution
  • Isotonic Solution
  • None of the above
  • What type of solution has a GREATER concentration of solute molecules INSIDE the cell?

  • Hypertonic Solution
  • Hypotonic Solution (correct)
  • Isotonic Solution
  • None of the above
  • What happens to animal cells in a hypotonic solution?

    Swelling and bursting

    What organelle do plants have that prevents cells from bursting in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell bursts when in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>Animal cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to plant cells when placed in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Shrinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maintains the same size of cells in an isotonic solution?

    <p>The amount of water entering and leaving is the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The substance that dissolves to make a solution is called what?

    <p>Solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During diffusion, molecules tend to move in which direction?

    <p>Down the concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the concentration of solute inside and outside a cell is the same, the cell has reached what?

    <p>Dynamic equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called what?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Energy for active transport comes from which part of the cell?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport requires energy from ATP?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All of the following are kinds of passive transport EXCEPT:

    <p>Ion Channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When molecules move DOWN the concentration gradient, they move from where to where?

    <p>High to lower concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Active transport requires what?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What molecule provides the energy for active transport?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What moves oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules across membranes?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell organelles burn glucose to provide ATP for active transport?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water moves across membranes by which process?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a small membrane sac used to transport substances during exocytosis and endocytosis?

    <p>Vacuole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of transport does NOT require energy?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell placed in an isotonic solution?

    <p>Neither swells nor shrinks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solution in which there is a HIGHER concentration of molecules OUTSIDE the cell than inside?

    <p>Hypertonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms whenever there is a difference in concentration between one place and another?

    <p>A concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solution in which the concentration of molecules outside the cell is LOWER than inside?

    <p>Hypotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When molecules move from high to low along a concentration gradient, this is called?

    <p>Down the gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pressure is caused by water inside a plant cell pushing against the cell wall?

    <p>Osmotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what kind of solution does a plant cell require to not wilt?

    <p>Hypotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what kind of solution do animal cells require to remain stable?

    <p>Isotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a red blood cell in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>Bursts (cytolysis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>Shrink (plasmolysis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution has a higher solute concentration and less water?

    <p>Hypertonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution has a high water concentration?

    <p>Hypotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transport protein that provides a tubelike opening in the plasma membrane for particles to diffuse?

    <p>Transport Protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used during active transport but not in passive transport?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves a cell taking in material by forming a vacuole around it?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?

    <p>Passive transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves a cell expelling wastes from a vacuole?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of passive transport uses transport proteins?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What transport protein changes shape when a particle binds with it?

    <p>Protein ion pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors affect the rate of diffusion?

    <p>Temperature, shape, concentration, charge, solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cellular Transport Overview

    • Hypertonic Solution: Higher concentration of solute outside the cell, causing potential cell shrinkage.
    • Hypotonic Solution: Higher concentration of solute inside the cell, leading to cell swelling and possible bursting.
    • Isotonic Solution: Equal concentration of solute inside and outside the cell, maintaining cell size.

    Cell Responses to Solutions

    • Animal Cells in Hypotonic Solutions: Swell and may burst due to excess water intake (cytolysis).
    • Plant Cells in Hypotonic Solutions: Swell against the cell wall, prevented from bursting by the cell wall.
    • Animal Cells in Hypertonic Solutions: Shrink as water exits the cell.
    • Plant Cells in Hypertonic Solutions: Cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall, a phenomenon called plasmolysis.

    Key Transport Concepts

    • Osmosis: Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
    • Dynamic Equilibrium: Achieved when the concentration of solute is equal inside and outside the cell.
    • Concentration Gradient: Difference in concentration between two regions, driving diffusion.
    • Active Transport: Requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient.
    • Passive Transport: Does not require energy; particles move down their concentration gradient.

    Types of Transport

    • Facilitated Diffusion: A form of passive transport that utilizes transport proteins for molecules unable to diffuse freely.
    • Endocytosis: Process of a cell taking in material by engulfing it in a vacuole.
    • Exocytosis: Process where a cell expels waste through a vacuole.

    Membrane Proteins and Functions

    • Transport Proteins: Provide channels for substances to pass through the plasma membrane.
    • Protein Ion Pump: Transport protein that changes shape to move ions across membranes.

    Key Terms and Definitions

    • Solute: Substance that dissolves to form a solution.
    • Osmotic Pressure: Pressure exerted by water inside plant cells against the cell wall.
    • Vesicle: Small membrane sac used for transporting materials in and out of cells.
    • ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate): Primary energy currency for cellular processes.

    Factors Influencing Diffusion Rate

    • Temperature: Increased temperature accelerates diffusion as molecules move faster.
    • Shape: Different particles may require different transport methods (diffusion, protein channels, or vesicles).
    • Concentration: Greater concentration differences increase diffusion rates.
    • Charge: Charged particles struggle to diffuse across membranes, while uncharged ones move more freely.
    • Solubility: Non-soluble substances typically cannot diffuse effectively in certain solvents.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to cellular transport, specifically focusing on hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. Each term is defined to help solidify understanding of how these solutions affect cell processes. Test your knowledge of these essential biological concepts!

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