Cellular Transport and Energy Production Linkages Essay

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What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration?

Generate heat as a byproduct

Actively transport pyruvate and reduced NAD into the matrix

Produce lactate in animals

Produce ATP by transferring electrons across the mitochondrial membrane (correct)

Why is anaerobic respiration considered less efficient than aerobic respiration?

It produces carbon dioxide and ethanol in plants and fungi

It actively transports pyruvate and reduced NAD into the matrix

Only 2 ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule (correct)

It generates more heat as a byproduct

Which of the following is a key stage involved in aerobic respiration?

Facilitated diffusion

Carbon dioxide generation in plants

Glycolysis (correct)

Production of lactate in animals

What is the role of protons (H+) in aerobic respiration?

Active transport and oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

How do producers contribute to energy transfer in ecosystems?

By producing their own carbohydrates from carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the transport of substances across cell membranes through specific proteins?

Facilitated diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of chemiosmosis in cellular respiration?

Active transport and oxidative phosphorylation Signup and view all the answers

Which organism serves as the producers in an ecosystem food web?

Plants Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)?

NPP includes respiratory losses while GPP does not. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bomb calorimeter in estimating the chemical energy stored in dry biomass?

To burn a sample in pure oxygen to calculate energy content. Signup and view all the answers

What equation can be used to calculate the net production of consumers (N) in an ecosystem?

N = I - F Signup and view all the answers

How is the rate at which energy is transferred into organic molecules different from the rate at which energy is incorporated into organic molecules?

The former accounts for energy storage, while the latter measures energy transfer. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the net primary production (NPP) in an ecosystem after accounting for respiratory losses?

It is used for plant growth and reproduction. Signup and view all the answers

What role does oxygen play in the estimation of chemical energy in dry biomass using calorimetry?

To burn the sample for energy calculation. Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the calculation of energy stored in plant biomass after accounting for losses to the environment?

Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Signup and view all the answers

In estimating the net production of consumers, what does 'I' represent?

'I' represents ingested food's chemical energy store. Signup and view all the answers

How can the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles be linked to the concept of chemical energy transfer in ecosystems?

By understanding how nutrients are recycled within ecosystems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) in an ecosystem?

To quantify the rate of photosynthesis and energy storage. Signup and view all the answers