Cellular Transport and Energy Production Linkages Essay
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration?

  • Generate heat as a byproduct
  • Actively transport pyruvate and reduced NAD into the matrix
  • Produce lactate in animals
  • Produce ATP by transferring electrons across the mitochondrial membrane (correct)

Why is anaerobic respiration considered less efficient than aerobic respiration?

  • It produces carbon dioxide and ethanol in plants and fungi
  • It actively transports pyruvate and reduced NAD into the matrix
  • Only 2 ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule (correct)
  • It generates more heat as a byproduct

Which of the following is a key stage involved in aerobic respiration?

  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Carbon dioxide generation in plants
  • Glycolysis (correct)
  • Production of lactate in animals

What is the role of protons (H+) in aerobic respiration?

<p>Active transport and oxidative phosphorylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do producers contribute to energy transfer in ecosystems?

<p>By producing their own carbohydrates from carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the transport of substances across cell membranes through specific proteins?

<p>Facilitated diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of chemiosmosis in cellular respiration?

<p>Active transport and oxidative phosphorylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism serves as the producers in an ecosystem food web?

<p>Plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)?

<p>NPP includes respiratory losses while GPP does not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bomb calorimeter in estimating the chemical energy stored in dry biomass?

<p>To burn a sample in pure oxygen to calculate energy content. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equation can be used to calculate the net production of consumers (N) in an ecosystem?

<p>N = I - F (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the rate at which energy is transferred into organic molecules different from the rate at which energy is incorporated into organic molecules?

<p>The former accounts for energy storage, while the latter measures energy transfer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the net primary production (NPP) in an ecosystem after accounting for respiratory losses?

<p>It is used for plant growth and reproduction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does oxygen play in the estimation of chemical energy in dry biomass using calorimetry?

<p>To burn the sample for energy calculation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the calculation of energy stored in plant biomass after accounting for losses to the environment?

<p>Net Primary Productivity (NPP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In estimating the net production of consumers, what does 'I' represent?

<p>'I' represents ingested food's chemical energy store. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles be linked to the concept of chemical energy transfer in ecosystems?

<p>By understanding how nutrients are recycled within ecosystems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) in an ecosystem?

<p>To quantify the rate of photosynthesis and energy storage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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