Cell Transport Mechanisms Quiz

Study Notes

Transport Mechanisms

Passive Transport: Moves substances from high to low concentration without ATP or energy.
Active Transport: Moves substances from low to high concentration, requiring ATP or energy.

Types of Passive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion: Larger molecules (like salts, starches, and sugars) cross through carrier proteins.
Diffusion: Small molecules such as gases (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide) move directly through membranes.
Osmosis: Specific type of diffusion, referring exclusively to the movement of water across cell membranes.

Types of Active Transport

Sodium-Potassium Pump: A carrier protein mechanism that moves sodium out and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.
Endocytosis: Engulfing of large particles into the cell; often described as "cell eating".
Exocytosis: Expelling of large particles from the cell; often termed as "cell puking".

Energy Requirements

Passive transport methods (Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion) do not require energy.
Active transport methods (Active Transport, Endocytosis, Exocytosis) require energy.

Concentration Gradients

Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion: All move substances toward lower concentrations.
Active Transport: Moves substances toward higher concentrations.
Endocytosis: Directly related to movement into the cell.
Exocytosis: Involves movement toward the outside of the cell.

Protein Channel Dependency

Facilitated Diffusion and Active Transport: Both require a protein channel to assist in the transport of substances.
Diffusion, Osmosis, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis: Do not rely on protein channels for transport.

Examples of Transport Mechanisms

Facilitated Diffusion Examples: Movement of salts, starches, and sugars.
Diffusion Examples: Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen exchange in lungs.
Osmosis Example: Water movement through cell membranes.
Active Transport Example: Use of protein pumps.
Endocytosis Example: White blood cells ingesting bacteria.
Exocytosis Example: Removal of waste and release of hormones.

Description

Test your knowledge on passive and active transport processes in cells with this flashcard quiz. Understand key concepts such as facilitated diffusion and diffusion, and how they differ in terms of energy requirements and concentration gradients.