Cellular Respiration Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is glycolysis?

Uses 2 ATPs, makes 4 ATPs, 2 NADHs, and 2 pyruvates.

What is cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen called?

Aerobic respiration.

What is the correct order of the stages of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and ETC.

Where are the electron transport chains of cellular respiration located?

The inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor at the end of cellular respiration?

Oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical reaction of cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6 H2O + energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemiosmotic gradient in cellular respiration?

An ion gradient made by the pumping of hydrogen ions across the inner membrane using the energy of electrons. Signup and view all the answers

In the presence of oxygen, how many ATP can one glucose molecule produce?

Up to 38 ATP. Signup and view all the answers

What is ATP Synthase?

A channel protein and enzyme that makes ATP. Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the Citric Acid Cycle?

Krebs Cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is FADH2?

An energy-carrying compound produced during the Krebs Cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is pyruvate?

The end product of glycolysis. Signup and view all the answers

What is anaerobic respiration?

Cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is NADPH?

An energy-carrying compound involved in stage I and stage II of cellular respiration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemiosmotic gradient?

A greater concentration of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix. Signup and view all the answers

What stage of cellular respiration is the Krebs Cycle?

The second stage of Cellular Respiration. Signup and view all the answers

What are cristae?

Folds created by the mitochondria inner membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What does glycolysis do?

Glucose splitting. Signup and view all the answers

What stage of cellular respiration is the electron transport chain involved in?

Stage III. Signup and view all the answers

What is aerobic respiration?

Cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and electron transport. Signup and view all the answers

What is cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen called?

Anaerobic respiration. Signup and view all the answers

Where do the last two stages of cellular respiration occur?

The mitochondria. Signup and view all the answers

Most of the ATP is produced in Stage __ of cellular respiration.

III. Signup and view all the answers

__ is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain, when water is formed.

Oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

During glycolysis, what happens to a molecule of glucose?

Enzymes split it into two molecules of pyruvate. Signup and view all the answers

Cellular respiration releases the energy in __ to make ATP.

Glucose. Signup and view all the answers

During the Krebs Cycle, energy is captured in the molecules of , , and __.

ATP, NADH, FADH2. Signup and view all the answers

__ is the molecule that enters the Krebs Cycle.

Acetyl-CoA. Signup and view all the answers

During glycolysis, how many ATP are used and made?

2 ATP are used, and 4 ATP are made. Signup and view all the answers

__ is the enzyme that produces ATP during the final stage of cellular respiration.

ATP Synthase. Signup and view all the answers

In all three stages of aerobic respiration, up to __ molecules of ATP may be produced from a single molecule of glucose.

<ol start="38"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the initial process in cellular respiration that breaks down glucose.
Requires 2 ATP and generates 4 ATP, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP.
Produces 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules as end products.

Cellular Respiration Types

Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen, utilizing all three stages of cellular respiration.
Anaerobic respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen and has different end products and energy yields.

Stages of Cellular Respiration

The three main stages are glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and electron transport chain (ETC).
The Krebs Cycle, also known as the Citric Acid Cycle, is the second stage.

Mitochondrial Processes

The electron transport chains are located in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
The final electron acceptor in the ETC is oxygen, leading to the formation of water.

Energy Production

The overall equation for cellular respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy.
A single glucose molecule can yield up to 38 ATP in the presence of oxygen.

ATP Synthesis

ATP Synthase is both a channel protein and an enzyme responsible for ATP production during the final stages.
The chemiosmotic gradient is essential for ATP synthesis, created by pumping hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Energy-Carrying Compounds

During the Krebs Cycle, energy is captured in the form of ATP, NADH, and FADH2.
FADH2 is produced specifically in the Krebs Cycle, serving as a shuttle for electrons in the ETC.

Pyruvate and Acetyl-CoA

Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis and is converted into Acetyl-CoA before entering the Krebs Cycle.
Acetyl-CoA is the primary molecule that enters the Krebs Cycle for further energy extraction.

Cristae Structure

Cristae are the folds within the inner mitochondrial membrane, increasing surface area for ATP production.

Summary of Cellular Respiration

The entire process can be summarized in three stages: glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and electron transport.
Most ATP production occurs during the electron transport chain, specifically in stage III of aerobic respiration.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cellular respiration concepts with these flashcards. This quiz covers key processes like glycolysis, aerobic respiration, and electron transport chains. Perfect for students studying biology or related fields.