Cellular Respiration and ATP Production

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary energy source for maintaining the potassium and sodium concentration gradients across cell membranes?

  • Mechanical energy
  • Electrical energy
  • Heat energy from ATP hydrolysis
  • Chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis (correct)

What is the role of the proton gradient in the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

  • Regulating the citrate synthase enzyme
  • Generating ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
  • Stimulating the electron transport chain
  • Providing the driving force for proton translocating ATPase (correct)

What is the energy yield of oxidizing one two-carbon acetyl group to CO2?

  • Two ATP molecules
  • One ATP molecule
  • Variable, depending on the electron transport chain
  • Not specified (correct)

What is the primary function of the F0 unit of ATP synthase)

<p>Forming channels for protons to flow back into the matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of ATP production in the electron transport chain?

<p>Oxidative phosphorylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy released from the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP?

<p>7.3 kcal/mol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Complex III in the electron transport chain?

<p>To pump protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ATP are generated during the oxidation of one FADH2 molecule?

<p>2 ATP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cytochrome a3 in Complex IV?

<p>To reduce oxygen to water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many protons are pumped out per FADH2 molecule during oxidative phosphorylation?

<p>4 protons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy yield of oxidizing one NADH molecule?

<p>3 ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of the electron transport chain in terms of proton pumping?

<p>6 protons pumped out per NADH and 4 protons pumped out per FADH2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall reaction of the citric acid cycle?

<p>Protons are pumped across the inner membrane to the intermembrane space (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Citrate Synthase in the citric acid cycle?

<p>To catalyze the first step of the citric acid cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA on α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

<p>They inhibit the complex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CoQ in Complex I and Complex II?

<p>To oxidize NADH to NAD+ and FADH2 to FAD (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the F1 unit of ATP synthase?

<p>To generate ATP from ADP and Pi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

<p>Oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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