Cellular Respiration

What is the primary purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

To generate ATP through the breakdown of glucose (correct)
To reduce oxygen to form water
To convert light energy into chemical energy
To oxidize sugar molecules to release energy

What is the net result of the overall chemical change during photosynthesis?

H2O is reduced to form sugar and O2
CO2 is oxidized to produce sugar and O2
CO2 is reduced to produce sugar and O2 is oxidized (correct)
Sugar is broken down to produce CO2 and H2O

What is the primary function of the Electron Transport Chain in cellular respiration?

To break down glucose into pyruvate
To convert energy stored in electrons into ATP (correct)
To produce CO2 as a byproduct
To oxidize glucose to a 2-C compound

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Oxidative phosphorylation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll molecules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of cellular respiration that is essential for the survival of most organisms?

O2 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Pyruvate (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the cell does cellular respiration take place?

Mitochondria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of substrate-level phosphorylation in cellular respiration?

To supply the 3rd stage of cellular respiration with electrons (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which stage of cellular respiration does pyruvate oxidation occur?

Pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for almost all ecosystems?

Sunlight (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net gain of ATP molecules during glycolysis?

A small amount of ATP (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

To generate ATP from NADH and FADH2 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the net ATP yield per glucose molecule during fermentation?

2 ATP (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADH in fermentation?

To provide an anaerobic path for recycling NAD+ back to NADH (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation?

The end product of the fermentation process (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hydrogen atoms in fats during cellular respiration?

To provide energy for ATP production (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways?

To prevent the accumulation of product and suppress the process that produces it (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisms are the primary producers of the biosphere?

Autotrophs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the by-product of photosynthesis that is essential for other metabolic processes?

Oxygen (C) Signup and view all the answers

What process do autotrophs use to convert solar energy into chemical energy?

Photosynthesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which organic molecules are oxidized to generate utilizable chemical energy?

Cellular respiration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisms depend on photoautotrophs for food and oxygen?

Heterotrophs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

To generate ATP (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of oxygen produced during photosynthesis?

Water (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where are chloroplasts concentrated in a leaf?

In the mesophyll cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

To convert light energy into chemical energy (B) Signup and view all the answers