20 Questions
What is the approximate number of cells in a person's body?
100 trillion or 1 x 10^14 cells
How many different cell types are there in mammals?
About 200
What is the average size of cells?
Approximately 0.002 cm or 20 um
What are the four primary elements that form biomolecules in cells?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
What are the major organic compounds found in cells?
Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging proteins in vesicles for excretion from the cell or for use within the cell.
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
The two types of endoplasmic reticulum are rough ER and smooth ER.
What is the function of lysosomes?
The function of lysosomes is to digest food or cellular invaders, recycle cellular components, and initiate cell suicide.
What is the function of mitochondria?
The function of mitochondria is to generate energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
Ribosomes are the protein synthetic machinery in the cell. They synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA molecules.
What are the two types of nucleic acids that are important for human metabolism?
DNA and RNA
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
RNA is a single strand structure, DNA is a double strand structure. RNA contains ribose, DNA contains deoxyribose. RNA has uracil paired with adenine in its base, DNA has thymine paired with adenine in its base. RNA is much shorter compared to the long DNA chain.
What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?
mRNA encodes amino acid sequences of a polypeptide.
What is the flow of information from nucleic acids to protein?
DNA -> mRNA -> tRNA -> rRNA -> protein
What are the three main components of a cell?
Cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis is the division of somatic cells resulting in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis is the division of germ cells resulting in four unique daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is the ploidy of haploid cells?
Haploid cells have one copy of each chromosome and are designated as 'n'.
What is the ploidy of diploid cells?
Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (two of each chromosome) and are designated as '2n'.
How many chromosomes are donated by each parent during fertilization in humans?
Each parent donates 23 chromosomes, resulting in a total of 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs.
What is the purpose of meiosis?
The purpose of meiosis is to produce sex cells (gametes) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, allowing for genetic variation and the formation of unique offspring during fertilization.
Test your knowledge on the essential cytoplasmic organelles involved in cellular functions such as energy production, packaging, and waste elimination. Identify the correct organelles from multiple-choice options and enhance your understanding of cell organization.
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