Cellular Metabolism and Energy Quiz

False (B)

Electron transfer

<p>pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactate fermentation = Lactate Alcohol fermentation = Ethanol Photophosphorylation = ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis = CO2 Aerobic Respiration = O2 Methane Combustion = O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP → ADP + Pi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis and Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serving as a long-term energy storage molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substrate-level phosphorylation = Involves the transfer of a phosphate group from a phosphorylated compound directly to ADP. Oxidative phosphorylation = Occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria and is driven by a proton gradient. Photophosphorylation = Occurs in photosynthetic organisms and utilizes light energy to generate ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ADP + Pi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The breaking of the phosphate bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyruvate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>substrate-level phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose = The starting molecule of glycolysis Pyruvate = The end product of glycolysis ATP = Energy currency used in glycolysis NADH = Electron carrier that stores energy PEP = A high-energy intermediate in glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose = The starting molecule for glycolysis Pyruvate = The end product of glycolysis ATP = The energy currency of the cell, used and produced in glycolysis NADH = An electron carrier molecule reduced during glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>acetaldehyde, ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converting pyruvate to acetyl CoA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coenzyme A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyruvate = The end product of glycolysis Acetyl CoA = The molecule that enters the Krebs cycle NAD+ = An electron carrier that is reduced to NADH CO2 = A byproduct of pyruvate oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Molecules that transport electrons during cellular processes.

Conversion that occurs in photosynthesis, storing energy.

Conversion that occurs in respiration, capturing energy.

Substance that receives electrons at the end of a process.

Loss of electrons or hydrogen; releases energy.

Gain of electrons or hydrogen; stores energy.

Adenosine Triphosphate, the main energy currency of the cell.

A redox reaction where methane is oxidized, releasing energy.

A light-dependent reaction occurring in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts that generates ATP.

An enzyme that synthesizes ATP using a proton gradient.

A coenzyme that acts as an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons in metabolic reactions.

The reduced form of NAD+, which donates electrons and acts as a reducing agent in reactions.

The process that breaks ATP into ADP and Pi, releasing energy.

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, often from ATP.

A metabolic reaction where hydrogen atoms are removed from a molecule, often involving NAD+.

A process where NADH donates hydrogen to pyruvate, forming lactate during anaerobic conditions.

Enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of other proteins.

The removal of a phosphate group from a phosphorylated protein.

Direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate.

A process that uses the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis to produce ATP.

Transfers phosphate from PEP to ADP, producing ATP.

Glycolysis produces a total of 2 ATP after investment.

The first part of glycolysis using 2 ATP.

Second part of glycolysis that produces 4 ATP.

Step 6 produces NADH used for ATP in oxidative phosphorylation.

Glycolysis breaks glucose down into two pyruvate molecules.

With oxygen, pyruvate enters citric acid cycle for energy extraction.

A metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH.

Glycolysis generates a net of 2 ATP after consuming 2 ATP and producing 4 ATP.

Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA, entering the TCA cycle for further energy extraction.

Pyruvate is converted to lactate, regenerating NAD+ in the absence of oxygen.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate.

An enzyme that converts pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA before entering the TCA cycle.

A metabolic process that converts glucose to energy without oxygen, producing pyruvate.

A process where pyruvate is converted to ethanol and CO2 in anaerobic conditions, regenerating NAD+.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde by removing CO2.

The process linking glycolysis to the Krebs cycle, converting pyruvate to acetyl CoA.

A molecule formed from pyruvate, which enters the Krebs cycle for further energy production.

The process requiring energy to move pyruvate into the mitochondria due to its charge.

A multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA.