Cellular Immunity Overview

<p>Production of IgG and IgE antibodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminating intracellular pathogens and fungi through cell-mediated immunity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suppression of the protective TH1 response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoting antibody production for targeting extracellular pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It stimulates the production of cytokines that regulate the function of macrophages, DCs, and B cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TH1 cytokines suppress the production of TH2 cytokines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate virally infected and tumor cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When CD8 T cells encounter antigen-presenting dendritic cells and TH1 cytokines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It forms pores in the target cell membrane to induce apoptosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They release significant amounts of IL-4 and IFN-γ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Granzymes released by CTLs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They tighten interactions between T cells and target cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interaction between TCR and class II MHC molecules with antigenic peptides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Partial activation leading to anergy or apoptosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It interacts with intercellular adhesion molecules on target cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inducing apoptosis during partial activation without co-stimulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IL-17 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Treg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They support B cell antibody production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IL-10 and TGF-β (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell-mediated autoimmune inflammatory diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are induced by TGF-β and IL-4. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spleen, tonsil, and lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through interaction with CD40 ligand. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as the signal transduction unit for the TCR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The TCR complex is found on all T cells and is not unique to specific T cell clones. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enhance the interaction of the TCR with the antigen-presenting MHC molecule. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CD4 binds to class II MHC molecules and CD8 binds to class I MHC molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IL-12R (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To distinguish between native and memory T cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CD154 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10^15 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ligand that interacts with Fas receptors, important in apoptotic signaling.

Proteins that strengthen T cell interaction with APCs or target cells.

Binding between T cell receptors and MHC peptides that initiates T cell activation.

Additional signal required for T cell activation through CD28 binding on T cells.

State of unresponsiveness in T cells due to lack of co-stimulation.

Combination of TCR (antigen recognition) and CD3 (cell activation) that determines T cell response.

Each TCR molecule consists of two different polypeptide chains: one constant and one variable region.

The diversity of TCRs allows recognition of approximately 10^15 distinct epitopes.

Signal transduction unit for TCR found on all T cells, made of γ, δ, ε, and ξ chains.

Binds to class II MHC molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to enhance TCR signaling.

Binds to class I MHC molecules on APCs and target cells, aiding cytotoxic T cell response.

Additional receptors on T cells that promote activation and enhance interactions with APCs.

CD45RA is found on native T cells, while CD45RO is found on memory T cells, indicating their state.

T cells important for eliminating infected and tumor cells.

CD8 T cells are activated by antigen-presenting cells and cytokines.

Contain perforin and granzymes for killing target cells.

Hybrid cells between NK and T cells, releasing IL-4 and IFN-ϒ.

Forms pores in target cell membranes to induce apoptosis.

A type of CD4+ T helper cell producing IL-17, involved in antibacterial and antifungal responses.

Proteins like IL-17 and TNF-α produced by TH17 cells that mediate inflammation.

Areas like the eye where immune responses are controlled to protect tissues.

CD4+ CD25+ antigen-specific suppressor cells that prevent autoimmunity.

Transforming growth factor beta, a cytokine produced by Tregs that regulates immune responses.

A specialized subset of CD4+ T cells aiding B cells in antibody production.

A cytokine produced by Tfh cells that drives B cell proliferation.

New subset of CD4+ T cells that produce IL-9, involved in various immune-related diseases.

Binding of CTLA-4 to B7 leads to T cell anergy.

Process where APCs present antigens to T cells, activating them.

A type of T cell that helps activate B cells and other immune cells.

Immune response that activates cellular defense against infections.

Signaling proteins that determine the function of immune cells.

Promotes apoptosis in target cells through Fas protein interaction.

Later immune response using antibodies for systemic defense.

B cells change antibody types due to TH2 cytokines.

The equilibrium between TH1 and TH2 responses in the immune system.

TH2 responses promote IgE production, linking to allergic reactions.