Cellular Damage and Apoptosis Triggers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which molecule binds to a cell-surface receptor named Fas (CD95) to trigger apoptosis?

  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)
  • Lymphotoxin (TNF-β)
  • Fas ligand (FasL) (correct)
  • What is the main function of molecules that bind to specific receptors on the cell surface and signal apoptosis?

  • Initiate apoptosis (correct)
  • Stimulate protein synthesis
  • Enhance DNA repair
  • Promote cell growth
  • Which of the following triggers apoptosis by binding to the TNF receptor?

  • Hypochlorite ion
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (correct)
  • Hydroxyl radical
  • Superoxide anion
  • What is one common characteristic of cells undergoing apoptosis?

    <p>Release of ATP and UTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a death activator triggering apoptosis?

    <p>Hydroxyl radical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do nucleotides released by cells undergoing apoptosis attract wandering phagocytic cells such as macrophages?

    <p>By binding to specific receptors on phagocytic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one example of a trigger that induces apoptosis?

    <p>Low levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a trigger for apoptosis?

    <p>Increased growth factors for neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cells undergoing apoptosis respond to signals that are:

    <p>Within the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario would likely induce apoptosis in cells?

    <p>Reduced adhesion to the growth surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do increased levels of oxidants have on a cell?

    <p>Promote apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes one way cells respond to triggers of apoptosis?

    <p>Cells die in response to specific signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein is important in triggering cell apoptosis?

    <p>p53</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cytotoxic T lymphocytes play in apoptosis?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis in virus-infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cells respond to DNA damage?

    <p>By increasing production of p53</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of mutations in the p53 gene?

    <p>Formation of defective proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells threaten the integrity of the organism and are targeted for apoptosis?

    <p>Cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cytotoxic T lymphocytes contribute to the process of apoptosis?

    <p>By inducing apoptosis in target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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