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Describe the differences between animal and plant cells, including their structures and organelles.
Describe the differences between animal and plant cells, including their structures and organelles.
Animal and plant cells have different structures and organelles. While animal cells do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts, plant cells do. Additionally, plant cells have larger vacuoles and are generally more rigid in structure.
Explain how enzymes speed up metabolic reactions in cells.
Explain how enzymes speed up metabolic reactions in cells.
Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy requirement. This allows the reactions to occur more quickly and efficiently.
What is the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells?
What is the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and passes on energy, which is used for muscle cell contraction, active transport, protein synthesis, and cell division.
Describe the three ways in which substances can move across cell membranes.
Describe the three ways in which substances can move across cell membranes.
Give examples of specialized exchange surfaces in organisms and explain their function.
Give examples of specialized exchange surfaces in organisms and explain their function.
What is the difference between cell division and cell differentiation?
What is the difference between cell division and cell differentiation?
Explain the importance of homeostasis in living organisms.
Explain the importance of homeostasis in living organisms.
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Study Notes
- Cells are the basic building units of living organisms, with different structures but shared characteristics.
- Life processes include nutrition, respiration, movement, excretion, stimulus response, homeostasis, reproduction, and growth.
- Animal and plant cells have different structures and organelles, with the latter having a cell wall and chloroplasts.
- Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy requirement.
- Cellular respiration breaks down food to release energy and produce waste products.
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and passes on energy, used for muscle cell contraction, active transport, protein synthesis, and cell division.
- Movement of substances can occur through diffusion, active transport, and osmosis.
- Specialized exchange surfaces in organisms allow for efficient material exchange, with examples including alveoli, villi, leaves, and roots.
- Cell division involves mitosis, while cell differentiation is the process of cells becoming specialized to carry out specific functions.
- Parts of an organism include cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
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