Cellular and Molecular Biology LEC 5: DNA and RNA
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide in DNA?

  • Deoxyribose sugar
  • Ribose sugar (correct)
  • Phosphate group
  • Nitrogenous base

    • What type of bond is present between guanine and cytosine in DNA?

  • Triple bond (correct)
  • Double bond
  • Hydrogen bond
  • Covalent bond

    • What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

  • Forming a single-stranded structure
  • Directing nerve impulse transmission
  • Serving as a template for mRNA synthesis (correct)
  • Acting as a catalyst for enzymatic reactions

    • Which nucleic acid has a double helix structure?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the two strands of DNA arranged with respect to each other?

    <p>Antiparallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

    <p>It transfers amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the process of protein synthesis?

    <p>It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

    <p>It is a single-stranded molecule 100 to 3000 nucleotides long</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step of protein synthesis is the genetic information from DNA copied into mRNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a series of three adjacent bases in an mRNA molecule, known as a codon?

    <p>Each codon codes for a different amino acid carried by tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about DNA?

    <p>DNA is involved in the synthesis of RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine in DNA?

    <p>They contribute to the stability of the double helix structure of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

    <p>RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond is formed between the phosphate group and a sugar in the polynucleotide molecule?

    <p>Phosphodiester bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, what components make up each nucleotide?

    <p>Thymine, deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA carries the genetic information to the ribosomes?

    <p>mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

    <p>Transfers amino acids to the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a series of three adjacent bases in an mRNA molecule, known as a codon?

    <p>It codes for a specific amino acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which step of protein synthesis is the genetic information from DNA copied into mRNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

    <p>Forms the structure of the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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