Cellular Aerobic Respiration lab 5

<p>Barium hydroxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transferring hydrogen atoms to electron acceptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exergonic reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release of carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 ATP molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondrial matrix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron Transport Chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 ATP and 6 NADH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesizes ATP using a proton gradient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the first step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 Acetyl-CoA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Citric Acid Cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To synthesize ATP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 ATP and 2 NADH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 34 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides the energy needed for the conversion of ADP to ATP. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron transport chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exergonic reactions are involved in glucose breakdown. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the release of carbon dioxide by forming a white precipitate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reveals the inefficiency in ATP production during glucose oxidation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate the transfer of hydrogen to an electron acceptor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>36-38 ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Citric Acid Cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It serves as the final electron acceptor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inner mitochondrial membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Citric Acid Cycle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron Transport Chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They create a proton gradient across the membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flowing protons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of a white precipitate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat loss during reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transfer of hydrogen atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron transport chain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of byproducts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy transformations are occurring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, releasing CO2.

A series of reactions that produce energy-rich molecules, starting with acetyl-CoA.

A series of protein complexes that use electrons from NADH and FADH2 to create a proton gradient.

The process of ATP generation using the proton gradient formed in the electron transport chain.

Adenosine triphosphate, a high-energy molecule used by cells for energy.

The organelle where aerobic respiration takes place.

Cellular respiration that requires oxygen to generate ATP.

An enzyme that uses the flow of protons to create ATP.

A series of proteins that transfer electrons, releasing energy to pump protons.

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of hydrogen atoms.

Carbon dioxide is releases as a byproduct of aerobic respiration

Water is a byproduct of aerobic respiration produced during the ETC.

Protons (H+) move through a channel in ATP synthase, similar to water flowing through a water wheel.

Aerobic respiration produces approximately 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule under optimal conditions in eukaryotic cells.

Water is formed as a byproduct of aerobic respiration during the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is released during aerobic respiration. Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂) reacts with CO₂ to form a white precipitate (BaCO3), confirming its presence.

Aerobic respiration releases heat as a byproduct due to energy transformations. Only about 40% of the energy from glucose is captured as ATP, the rest is lost as heat.

Dehydrogenase enzymes catalyze oxidation reactions by transferring hydrogen atoms from glucose to an electron acceptor, such as NAD+.

ATP synthase is an enzyme that uses the flow of protons across a membrane to generate ATP. It acts as a molecular motor, converting proton potential energy into chemical energy.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the primary molecule used by cells to power various functions.

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.

Glycolysis breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules.

Each pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, generating 2 CO2, 2 NADH, and 2 acetyl-CoA molecules.

Acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to start the citric acid cycle.

The ETC uses electrons from NADH and FADH₂ to create a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane, driving ATP synthesis.

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

The proton gradient created by the ETC drives the rotation of ATP synthase, producing ATP.

The metabolic process that converts energy from food into ATP, the energy currency of cells.

The movement of protons through the ATP synthase channel, similar to water turning a water wheel, generates mechanical energy for ATP production.

A protein complex that uses the mechanical energy from proton flow to generate ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP.

During the electron transport chain, oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor and combines with hydrogen ions to form water, a byproduct of aerobic respiration.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is released as a byproduct of aerobic respiration, primarily during pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle.

Aerobic respiration generates heat as a byproduct due to the energy transformations involved in breaking down glucose and producing ATP.

Dehydrogenase enzymes catalyze oxidation reactions by transferring hydrogen atoms from glucose to NAD+, a crucial step in breaking down glucose for energy.

Barium hydroxide is used to detect the presence of CO₂ released during aerobic respiration. It forms a white precipitate (BaCO3) when it reacts with CO₂.

Aerobic respiration is only about 40% efficient, with 60% of the energy released from glucose lost as heat.