Cellular Adaptation and Injury Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes hypertrophy?

Increase in the size of cells in response to a stimulus or persistent cell injury (correct)
Increase in the number of cells in response to hormonal stimulation
Decrease in the size of cells due to reduced workload
Change in cell type in response to stress

What is an example of physiologic hypertrophy?

Increased number of red blood cells in response to high altitude
Enlarged size of the uterus during pregnancy (correct)
Decreased size of muscles due to disuse
Change in cell type in lung tissue due to chronic irritation

What characterizes pathologic adaptations?

They allow cells to modulate their structure and function to escape injury at the expense of normal function (correct)
They result from normal stimulation by hormones
They are always irreversible and lead to cell death
They lead to reversible changes in cell number, size, or function

What is an example of metaplasia?

<p>Change from columnar epithelium to squamous epithelium in respiratory tract due to smoking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes hyperplasia?

<p>Increase in the number of cells in response to hormonal stimulation or persistent cell injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cellular Adaptations

Hypertrophy: An increase in the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue or organ, without an increase in the number of cells.

Physiologic Hypertrophy

Example: Muscle hypertrophy in response to exercise, where muscle fibers increase in size to adapt to the increased demands.

Pathologic Adaptations

Characterized by a change in cell size or number that is not beneficial and can lead to tissue dysfunction, such as in cancer or hyperplasia.

Metaplasia

Example: Replacement of damaged epithelial cells in the lungs with mucus-producing cells, which is a reversible change in response to injury.

Hyperplasia

Described as an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue or organ.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cellular adaptation and injury in the field of pathology. Learn about the causes of cellular adaptation, response to stress, reversible changes, and understanding cellular changes during adaptation and injury.