Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes hypertrophy?
Increase in the size of cells in response to a stimulus or persistent cell injury
What is an example of physiologic hypertrophy?
Enlarged size of the uterus during pregnancy
What characterizes pathologic adaptations?
They allow cells to modulate their structure and function to escape injury at the expense of normal function
What is an example of metaplasia?
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Which statement best describes hyperplasia?
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Study Notes
Cellular Adaptations
- Hypertrophy: An increase in the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue or organ, without an increase in the number of cells.
Physiologic Hypertrophy
- Example: Muscle hypertrophy in response to exercise, where muscle fibers increase in size to adapt to the increased demands.
Pathologic Adaptations
- Characterized by a change in cell size or number that is not beneficial and can lead to tissue dysfunction, such as in cancer or hyperplasia.
Metaplasia
- Example: Replacement of damaged epithelial cells in the lungs with mucus-producing cells, which is a reversible change in response to injury.
Hyperplasia
- Described as an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue or organ.
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