10 Questions
What is the main factor that determines the type of cell?
The presence of a nucleus
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Smaller in size
What is the function of the organelle called mitochondria?
Providing energy to the cell
Which type of cells are found mainly in multicellular organisms?
Eukaryotic cells
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
Protecting DNA
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The presence of a nucleus
What is the function of vacuoles in a cell?
Storing substances
What is the structure that surrounds the cytoplasm in a cell?
Cell membrane
Which type of cells are typically smaller in size?
Prokaryotic cells
What is the term for the structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell?
Organelle
Study Notes
Types of Cells
- There are many different types of cells, including blood cells, skin cells, bone cells, and bacteria.
- Despite the variety, all cells can be classified into two general types: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
Cell Structure
- A basic cell structure present in many living cells is the nucleus, a structure in the cytoplasm that contains and protects most of the cell's DNA.
- The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear membrane.
Eukaryotic Cells
- Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus.
- They are usually larger than prokaryotic cells and are found mainly in multicellular organisms.
- Eukaryotic cells contain other organelles besides the nucleus, such as mitochondria (provide energy) and vacuoles (store substances).
- Organelles allow eukaryotic cells to carry out more functions than prokaryotic cells.
- Examples of organisms with eukaryotic cells include fungi, animals, protists, and plants.
Prokaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus.
- The DNA in prokaryotic cells is in the cytoplasm, rather than enclosed within a nuclear membrane.
- Prokaryotic cells are found in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria.
- Examples of organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes.
- Prokaryotes were the first type of organisms to evolve and are still the most abundant organisms today.
Cellular Structures
- Ribosomes, the cellular structures where proteins are made, are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
- The cell membrane is filled with cytoplasm, which contains various structures, such as a nucleus and other organelles.
Learn about the different types of cells, including bacterial cells and cells from other organisms. Discover how they are classified into two general types.
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