30 Questions
What is the average size range of a single cell?
10 to 15 micrometers
Which type of cell can have extensions up to a meter in length?
Nerve cells
What important function of cells involves the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids?
Synthesis of molecules
Which process provides energy for muscle contraction and heat production within cells?
Cell metabolism
What allows nerve cells to communicate with muscle cells and cause muscle contraction?
Cell communication
Which statement best describes how the structural and functional characteristics of cells are determined?
By the types of molecules they produce
What is the function of a solute in a fluid?
Substance that is being dissolved in the fluid
Where can glycogen, potassium ions, and enzymes be found?
Intracellular fluid
Which process does not require cellular energy for transport?
Diffusion
Where can interstitial fluids be found?
Between cells within tissues
What is the function of a solvent in a fluid?
Fluid in which solute is being dissolved
What is the unique capability of cell membranes regarding substance passage?
They only allow certain substances to pass through
What is the driving force for the diffusion process to occur?
High concentration gradient
Which substances can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
Lipid-soluble substances like oxygen
How do sodium and potassium primarily enter the cell membrane?
Through leak channels
Which type of channels constantly allow ions to pass through?
Leak channels
What is a characteristic of gated channels in the cell membrane?
Open and close to limit ion movement
In the body, diffusion is an important means of transporting substances through which fluids?
Intracellular and extracellular fluids
What is the main difference between diffusion and osmosis?
Diffusion can happen against the concentration gradient, while osmosis always occurs down the concentration gradient.
Why is osmosis important to cells?
It prevents disruptions in normal cell functions caused by water movements.
How does a decrease in extracellular oxygen concentration affect cell function?
It reduces the diffusion of oxygen into the cell, affecting normal cell function.
In osmosis, which solution will water move towards?
The solution with lower water concentration.
Why does diffusion play a crucial role in determining intracellular concentrations of substances?
Because diffusion helps substances move based on the concentration gradient.
What factor determines the direction of water movement across a cell membrane?
Solute concentration on either side of the membrane.
What is active transport?
The movement of substances across a membrane using energy from lower concentration to higher concentration
Which statement accurately describes the role of ATP in active transport?
ATP provides the energy needed for active transport
What can happen if there is a malfunction in the active transport mechanism?
It can lead to serious health conditions
What is an example of active transport mentioned in the text?
Movement of amino acids from the small intestine into the blood
How does the sodium-potassium pump function?
By moving Na+ into cells and K+ out of cells
What is essential in maintaining the resting membrane potential?
Higher concentration of Na+ outside the cell and K+ inside the cell
Test your knowledge on cell transport mechanisms including diffusion, secondary active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis. Understand concepts such as movement of solutes from high to low concentration and the conditions required for diffusion to occur.
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