Cell Transport Mechanisms Quiz
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Cell Transport Mechanisms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What caused the yellow circle of dead grass around where the ice cream maker was placed?

  • Was isosmotic to the grass cells
  • Froze the grass
  • Was hyperosmotic to the grass cells (correct)
  • Was hypoosmotic to the grass cells

    • What is the main component of an animal cell membrane?

  • Polynucleotides (correct)
  • Glycolipids
  • Aquaporins
  • Cholesterol

    • In an experiment with an artificial cell and a selectively permeable membrane, what happens when a 5M solution of glucose is injected into the cell and placed in water?

  • No net change in cell weight
  • Water moves into the cell (correct)
  • Glucose moves out of the cell
  • Water moves out of the cell

    • What would be the effect if glucose was injected into the artificial cell but it had a selectively permeable membrane allowing only glucose to pass?

    <p>No net change in cell weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance could be responsible for killing the grass due to osmotic effects?

    <p>Salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does cholesterol play in the structure of an animal cell membrane?

    <p>Maintaining membrane fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of energy?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of facilitated diffusion, what assists the movement of molecules across the cell membrane?

    <p>Carrier proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is described by a symporter moving glucose and sodium into a cell?

    <p>Coupled transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the movement of glucose in the process described by a symporter?

    <p>Glucose moves against its concentration gradient into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insulin affect the cellular uptake of glucose?

    <p>Increases the number of glucose carrier proteins on the cell surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules primarily compose the lipid layer that forms the foundation of cell membranes?

    <p>Phospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a 5M glucose solution is injected into a cell and then placed in a 10M glucose solution, what will happen?

    <p>Water will move into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Turgor pressure in plant cells is observed when the cell's environment is:

    <p>Hypoosmotic (lower solute concentration outside)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the sodium-potassium pump?

    <p>ATP binds to the protein, which becomes phosphorylated (ADP is released)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyclodextrins are compounds that can remove cholesterol from cell membranes. Which effect is most likely to have a large impact on cells as a result of cyclodextrin treatment?

    <p>Increased permeability of the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors affect membrane fluidity?

    <p>Temperature, cholesterol, types of fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about osmosis is correct?

    <p>It is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower water potential to a region of higher water potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of freeze-fracture technique?

    <p>To preserve and visualize embedded membrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During diapedesis, what role do cell adhesion molecules play?

    <p>They allow white blood cells to adhere to blood vessel walls and migrate across</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules would be affected by membrane potential in terms of directional movement?

    <p>Potassium (K+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which condition would the rate of diffusion of molecules be fastest?

    <p>Internal concentration of 50% and external concentration of 12% in warm temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of diapedesis in the body?

    <p>To allow white blood cells to migrate into injured or damaged tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about freeze-fracture technique is incorrect?

    <p>It cuts the membrane into protein-sized components for viewing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell when its internal solute concentration matches that of its environment?

    <p>It undergoes no changes as it is already in equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cell with a normal osmotic pressure of 4500 mmHg is placed in a solution with an osmotic pressure of 3500 mmHg, what will happen?

    <p>The cell will gain water, and its osmotic pressure will increase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with normal blood sugar levels, why is glucose not present in urine?

    <p>Glucose is actively transported back into the bloodstream by the GLUT transporters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with untreated diabetes mellitus, why is glucose present in urine?

    <p>The GLUT transporters become saturated, allowing untransported glucose to be excreted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the mechanism of glucose reabsorption in the kidney?

    <p>Glucose passively diffuses through aqueous pores formed by the GLUT transporters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with normal blood sugar levels, what prevents glucose from being excreted in urine?

    <p>The GLUT transporters in the kidney reabsorb all the glucose from the filtrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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