30 Questions
What caused the yellow circle of dead grass around where the ice cream maker was placed?
Was hyperosmotic to the grass cells
What is the main component of an animal cell membrane?
Polynucleotides
In an experiment with an artificial cell and a selectively permeable membrane, what happens when a 5M solution of glucose is injected into the cell and placed in water?
Water moves into the cell
What would be the effect if glucose was injected into the artificial cell but it had a selectively permeable membrane allowing only glucose to pass?
No net change in cell weight
Which substance could be responsible for killing the grass due to osmotic effects?
Salt
What role does cholesterol play in the structure of an animal cell membrane?
Maintaining membrane fluidity
Which process involves the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the use of energy?
Osmosis
In the process of facilitated diffusion, what assists the movement of molecules across the cell membrane?
Carrier proteins
What process is described by a symporter moving glucose and sodium into a cell?
Coupled transport
Which of the following is true about the movement of glucose in the process described by a symporter?
Glucose moves against its concentration gradient into the cell
How does insulin affect the cellular uptake of glucose?
Increases the number of glucose carrier proteins on the cell surface
What type of molecules primarily compose the lipid layer that forms the foundation of cell membranes?
Phospholipids
When a 5M glucose solution is injected into a cell and then placed in a 10M glucose solution, what will happen?
Water will move into the cell
Turgor pressure in plant cells is observed when the cell's environment is:
Hypoosmotic (lower solute concentration outside)
What initiates the sodium-potassium pump?
ATP binds to the protein, which becomes phosphorylated (ADP is released)
Cyclodextrins are compounds that can remove cholesterol from cell membranes. Which effect is most likely to have a large impact on cells as a result of cyclodextrin treatment?
Increased permeability of the membrane
Which of the following factors affect membrane fluidity?
Temperature, cholesterol, types of fatty acids
Which statement about osmosis is correct?
It is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower water potential to a region of higher water potential
What is the primary purpose of freeze-fracture technique?
To preserve and visualize embedded membrane proteins
During diapedesis, what role do cell adhesion molecules play?
They allow white blood cells to adhere to blood vessel walls and migrate across
Which of the following molecules would be affected by membrane potential in terms of directional movement?
Potassium (K+)
Under which condition would the rate of diffusion of molecules be fastest?
Internal concentration of 50% and external concentration of 12% in warm temperatures
What is the purpose of diapedesis in the body?
To allow white blood cells to migrate into injured or damaged tissue
Which statement about freeze-fracture technique is incorrect?
It cuts the membrane into protein-sized components for viewing
What happens to a cell when its internal solute concentration matches that of its environment?
It undergoes no changes as it is already in equilibrium.
If a cell with a normal osmotic pressure of 4500 mmHg is placed in a solution with an osmotic pressure of 3500 mmHg, what will happen?
The cell will gain water, and its osmotic pressure will increase.
In individuals with normal blood sugar levels, why is glucose not present in urine?
Glucose is actively transported back into the bloodstream by the GLUT transporters.
In individuals with untreated diabetes mellitus, why is glucose present in urine?
The GLUT transporters become saturated, allowing untransported glucose to be excreted.
Which statement best describes the mechanism of glucose reabsorption in the kidney?
Glucose passively diffuses through aqueous pores formed by the GLUT transporters.
In individuals with normal blood sugar levels, what prevents glucose from being excreted in urine?
The GLUT transporters in the kidney reabsorb all the glucose from the filtrate.
Test your knowledge on cell transport mechanisms including osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and endocytosis. This quiz assesses understanding of glucose and sodium movement across the cell membrane.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
