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Questions and Answers
What is the main requirement for facilitated diffusion to occur?
What is the main requirement for facilitated diffusion to occur?
- Energy input in the form of ATP
- High molecular size of the molecules
- Presence of a transport protein (correct)
- Movement against a concentration gradient
Which process involves the movement of molecules from low to high concentration?
Which process involves the movement of molecules from low to high concentration?
- Passive transport
- Active transport (correct)
- Facilitated diffusion
- Simple diffusion
In the context of drug absorption, what does the permeability coefficient measure?
In the context of drug absorption, what does the permeability coefficient measure?
- The concentration gradient of a molecule
- How easily a molecule can cross a membrane (correct)
- The energy required for diffusion
- The rate of molecular movement through a barrier
Which type of transport does not require any energy input?
Which type of transport does not require any energy input?
What does the term 'flux' refer to in the context of molecular movement?
What does the term 'flux' refer to in the context of molecular movement?
What is the primary energy requirement for active transport?
What is the primary energy requirement for active transport?
Which type of transport is specifically needed for larger or polar molecules?
Which type of transport is specifically needed for larger or polar molecules?
What does the permeability coefficient indicate about a molecule?
What does the permeability coefficient indicate about a molecule?
What term describes the overall movement of molecules along a concentration gradient?
What term describes the overall movement of molecules along a concentration gradient?
Which process enhances the rate at which molecules pass through a barrier?
Which process enhances the rate at which molecules pass through a barrier?
What is the primary energy source for active transport?
What is the primary energy source for active transport?
Which statement describes facilitated diffusion?
Which statement describes facilitated diffusion?
What does the permeability coefficient reflect?
What does the permeability coefficient reflect?
Which process involves the movement of molecules through a barrier at a specific rate?
Which process involves the movement of molecules through a barrier at a specific rate?
What type of molecules typically rely on simple diffusion for transport?
What type of molecules typically rely on simple diffusion for transport?
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Study Notes
Simple Diffusion
- Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input.
- Crucial for passive transport of small, non-polar molecules across cell membranes.
Facilitated Diffusion
- Similar to simple diffusion, but requires a transport protein.
- Assists in moving molecules down their concentration gradient.
- Essential for larger or polar molecules that cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer.
Active Transport
- Movement of molecules from low to high concentration against their gradient.
- Requires ATP (energy).
- Vital for maintaining cellular concentrations of ions and nutrients.
Diffusion
- General term for the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient.
- A fundamental concept in pharmacokinetics.
Flux
- The rate at which molecules diffuse through a unit area of a diffusional barrier.
- Critical for understanding drug absorption.
Permeability Coefficient
- A measure of how easily a molecule can cross a membrane.
- Influenced by factors such as molecular size and solubility.
Types of Transport
- Simple Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the need for energy.
- Facilitated Diffusion: Similar to simple diffusion but requires a transport protein to assist in moving molecules down their concentration gradient. Essential for larger or polar molecules that cannot cross the lipid bilayer easily.
- Active Transport: Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy (ATP). Essential for maintaining cellular concentrations of ions and nutrients.
- Diffusion: General term for the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient.
- Flux: The rate of diffusion of molecules through a unit area of a diffusional barrier. Crucial for understanding drug absorption.
- Permeability Coefficient: A measure of how easily a molecule can cross a membrane. Influenced by factors such as molecular size and solubility.
Simple Diffusion
- Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
- Does not require energy input.
- Primarily for small, non-polar molecules.
- Crucial for passive transport across cell membranes.
Facilitated Diffusion
- Similar to simple diffusion but requires a transport protein.
- Assists in moving molecules down their concentration gradient.
- Necessary for larger or polar molecules that cannot easily cross the lipid bilayer.
Active Transport
- Movement of molecules from low to high concentration against their concentration gradient.
- Requires energy input (ATP).
- Important for maintaining cellular concentrations of ions and nutrients.
Diffusion
- General term for the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient.
- Fundamental concept in pharmacokinetics.
Flux
- Rate at which molecules diffuse through a unit area of a diffusional barrier
- Critical for understanding drug absorption.
Permeability Coefficient
- Measure of how easily a molecule can cross a membrane.
- Factors that influence permeability: molecular size and solubility.
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