Cell Surface Membranes Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the functions of cell-surface membranes?

  • Protein synthesis
  • Enzymatic activity (correct)
  • DNA replication
  • RNA degradation

    • What is the name of the protein that HIV binds to in order to infect a cell?

  • CD8
  • CXCR4
  • CD4 (correct)
  • CCR5

    • What is the name of the molecule that plays a role in signal transduction?

  • Enzyme
  • Hormone
  • Signaling molecule (correct)
  • Glycoprotein

    • What is the term for the process by which cells join together?

    <p>Intercellular joining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that cell-surface membranes can attach to?

    <p>Extracellular matrix (ECM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing drugs that mask the CCR5 protein?

    <p>To treat HIV infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>The cell gains water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of osmoregulation in organisms?

    <p>To control solute concentrations and water balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a contractile vacuole in Paramecium?

    <p>To pump out excess water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell without a cell wall in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It shrivels up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adaptation do bacteria and archaea in hypersaline environments have?

    <p>Mechanisms to balance internal and external solute concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a solution with a solute concentration equal to that inside the cell?

    <p>Isotonic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of membrane carbohydrates in cell-cell recognition?

    <p>To recognize and bind to molecules containing carbohydrates on the extracellular surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the asymmetrical distribution of proteins, lipids, and associated carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

    <p>The ER and Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a cell lacking CCR5 on its surface?

    <p>HIV cannot infect the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond holds carbohydrates to lipids or proteins?

    <p>Covalent bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in membrane synthesis?

    <p>To build the plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the protein that HIV uses to infect a cell?

    <p>CD4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a cell takes in macromolecules?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for 'cellular eating'?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for 'cellular drinking'?

    <p>Pinocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process in which a cell engulfs a particle in a vacuole?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the vacuole in phagocytosis?

    <p>To digest particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process that is a reversal of exocytosis?

    <p>Endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which cotransport occurs?

    <p>The diffusion of an actively transported solute down its concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the proton pump in the cotransport process?

    <p>To pump H+ ions out of the cell, creating a proton gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between bulk transport and transport through the lipid bilayer or transport proteins?

    <p>The size of the molecules being transported</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which transport vesicles release their contents outside the cell?

    <p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secretory cells that use exocytosis?

    <p>To export their products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for bulk transport to occur?

    <p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

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