Cell Structures and Functions Module 2
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the cell wall?

  • To provide structural support and protection (correct)
  • To control entry and exit of substances
  • To store energy
  • To facilitate cell division

    • How does a hydrophilic molecule differ from a hydrophobic molecule?

  • Hydrophilic molecules repel water, while hydrophobic molecules attract water
  • Hydrophilic molecules dissolve in water, while hydrophobic molecules do not (correct)
  • Hydrophilic molecules are non-polar, while hydrophobic molecules are polar
  • Hydrophilic molecules are only found in plant cells, while hydrophobic molecules are in animal cells

    • Which statement correctly defines permeable and impermeable?

  • Permeable allows selective passage of substances, while impermeable does not allow passage (correct)
  • Permeable allows some substances to pass, while impermeable allows all substances
  • Permeable and impermeable are synonymous terms
  • Permeable allows all substances, while impermeable allows none

    • Which organelle is part of the endomembrane system and plays a role in protein synthesis?

    <p>Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two energy houses of the cells?

    <p>Mitochondria and Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of the lipid bilayer is essential for controlling the movement of molecules into and out of the cell?

    <p>Selective permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cytoskeleton is primarily responsible for facilitating movement within the cell?

    <p>Actin filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of intermediate filaments in a cell?

    <p>Maintaining cell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is composed of a phospholipid bilayer and surrounds membrane-bound organelles?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the proteins that form microtubules primarily made of?

    <p>Tubulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the role of the cytoplasm?

    <p>It suspends subcellular structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelles are compared in their role in providing energy for the cell?

    <p>Chloroplasts and mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organelles are not surrounded by a membrane?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cell Structures and Functions

    • Students will learn to differentiate structural components of plasma membranes.
    • The lesson emphasizes the structure and function of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
    • Composition and function of the cell wall will be discussed in detail.

    Cell Major Parts

    • Membrane-bound organelles are enclosed by a phospholipid bilayer, allowing compartmentalization of cellular processes.
    • Non-membrane-bound organelles lack surrounding membranes and serve various functions.

    Plasma Membrane

    • Selective permeability of the lipid bilayer regulates the entry and exit of substances, maintaining cellular homeostasis.
    • Membrane proteins play crucial roles in transport, communication, and maintaining the cell's structure.

    Cytoskeleton

    • Composed of protein fibers, providing structural support and facilitating the movement of organelles and chromosomes.
    • Microtubules, formed from tubulin, aid in maintaining cell shape and are involved in spindle fiber formation during cell division.
    • Microfilaments, made of actin, assist in cell and organelle movement and can alter cell shape.
    • Intermediate filaments primarily anchor the nucleus and help maintain cell shape.

    Cytoplasm

    • Acts as the medium where all organelles are suspended, comprised of cytosol, which includes water and various organic and inorganic molecules.

    Cell Wall

    • Provides structural support and protection for the cell, distinguishing plant cells from animal cells.

    Genetic Control of the Cell

    • Discusses the roles of the nucleus and ribosomes in regulating genetic information and protein synthesis.

    Endomembrane System

    • A network of membranes within the cell that involves organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes, performing functions related to protein and lipid synthesis, processing, and transport.

    Energy Houses of the Cell

    • Chloroplasts and mitochondria are essential for energy production; chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis, while mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration.

    Checkpoint Questions

    • Major parts of the cell and their functions can be assessed through application of learned concepts.
    • Understanding hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic, and permeable vs. impermeable is critical for grasping membrane dynamics.
    • Exploration of various cytoskeleton types and their functions reinforces structural knowledge.

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz focuses on the structural components of plasma membranes, the comparison of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, as well as the function and composition of the cell wall. Additionally, it covers the role of the nucleus and ribosomes in genetic control. Test your knowledge on these fundamental cellular concepts!

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