Cell Biology: Plasma Membrane and Cell Structures

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What is the primary purpose of microscopy?

To observe celestial bodies

To magnify objects too small to be seen by the naked eye (correct)

To analyze rocks and minerals

To study large organisms

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discover using the microscope?

Minerals

Animalcules (correct)

Bacteria

Large organisms

What is the function of oil immersion when using a microscope?

To improve the resolution of the image

To add color to the specimen

To increase magnification (correct)

To prevent the specimen from drying out

What does resolution refer to in microscopy?

The detail maintained by a magnified object (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscopy is known for enhancing image contrast?

Phase-contrast Microscopy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total magnification when using a High Power Objective and a Triple Lens ocular together?

$600x$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Defining the extent of a cell and separating intracellular fluid from extracellular fluid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Fluid Mosaic Model?

A model depicting the plasma membrane as a thin structure composed of lipid and protein molecules (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Gap Junctions?

Facilitating direct communication and passage of molecules between adjacent cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Glycocalyx in the plasma membrane?

Creating a carbohydrate-rich area on the cell surface (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is described as being 'packed with organelles, small structures that perform specific cell functions'?

Cytoplasm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fluid Mosaic Model depict about the plasma membrane?

A thin structure composed of a double layer of lipid molecules with scattered proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of phase contrast microscopy?

To enhance the contrast of the specimen to the background without staining (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does fluorochroming refer to?

Direct chemical interaction of fluorochrome and the bacterial cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does immunofluorescence work?

By conjugating a fluorochrome with a specific antibody (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does fluorescent microscopy employ?

Dyes or fluorochromes that react with visible light (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about electron microscopy?

Allows magnification from 10,000x up to 100,000,000x (C) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the color of the fluorescent light in fluorescent microscopy?

The dye and light filter used (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that involves the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell's partially permeable membrane?

Osmosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution has lower potential osmotic pressure than the cell?

Hypotonic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a solution with a higher potential osmotic pressure and lower water concentration known as?

Hypertonic (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves moving materials from within the cell into the extracellular fluid?

Endocytosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are assemblies of integral membrane proteins that modulate ion transport into and out of a cell known as?

Ion pumps (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a solution that has the same potential osmotic pressure as the cell?

Isotonic (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleus within a cell?

Providing instructions for protein synthesis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of chromatin is responsible for packaging and regulating DNA?

Globular histone proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of chromatin within the nucleus?

30% DNA, 60% histone proteins, 10% RNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for separating intracellular and extracellular fluids?

Plasma membrane (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the nucleolus within the nucleus?

Producing ribosomes (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cell is described as a brain-like function and serves as the control center?

Nucleus (B) Signup and view all the answers