Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following cellular components is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
Which of the following cellular components is NOT part of the endomembrane system?
- Lysosome
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Mitochondrion (correct)
- Golgi apparatus
A cell biologist is studying a newly discovered eukaryotic cell. Upon observation, they notice the cell has a rigid outer layer but lacks chloroplasts. Which of the following is the MOST likely classification for this cell?
A cell biologist is studying a newly discovered eukaryotic cell. Upon observation, they notice the cell has a rigid outer layer but lacks chloroplasts. Which of the following is the MOST likely classification for this cell?
- Animal cell
- Plant cell
- Fungal cell (correct)
- Protist cell
A researcher is examining a cell under an electron microscope and observes a structure with two membranes, and within it, stacks of flattened sacs called cristae. This structure is MOST likely involved in which of the following processes?
A researcher is examining a cell under an electron microscope and observes a structure with two membranes, and within it, stacks of flattened sacs called cristae. This structure is MOST likely involved in which of the following processes?
- Cellular respiration (correct)
- Lipid modification and sorting
- Protein synthesis
- Intracellular digestion
If a researcher wants to observe the detailed surface features of a virus, which type of microscopy would be MOST appropriate?
If a researcher wants to observe the detailed surface features of a virus, which type of microscopy would be MOST appropriate?
Which of the following is a key difference in the function of smooth ER compared to rough ER?
Which of the following is a key difference in the function of smooth ER compared to rough ER?
Flashcards
Light Microscope
Light Microscope
Uses visible light and lenses to magnify images. Advantages: can view living cells. Disadvantages: limited magnification and resolution.
Electron Microscope
Electron Microscope
Uses electron beams to magnify images. Advantages: much higher magnification and resolution. Disadvantages: samples must be non-living, complex preparation.
Plasma Membrane
Plasma Membrane
A selective barrier regulating passage in/out of the cell; made of a phospholipid bilayer.
Nucleus
Nucleus
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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Study Notes
- Light microscopes and electron microscopes each have distinct advantages and disadvantages.
- Three important parameters in microscopy must be considered.
- Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share similar functions.
- Key differences exist between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Organelles are a structural and/or functional feature of cells, each with specific features.
- Specific information of the following structures:
Plasma Membrane
- Characterized by selective permeability.
Nucleus
- Contains most of the genes in the eukaryotic cell.
ER (Rough and Smooth)
- Smooth ER synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, and detoxifies drugs and poisons.
- Rough ER aids in the synthesis of proteins.
Golgi
- Receives transport vesicles from the ER.
Lysosomes
- A membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes.
Peroxisomes
- Contains enzymes that remove hydrogen atoms from substances and transfer them to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide.
Vacuoles
- Large vesicles derived from the ER and Golgi apparatus.
Ribosomes
- Complexes made of ribosomal RNA and protein, and carry out protein synthesis.
Mitochondria
- Sites of cellular respiration, the metabolic process that uses oxygen to generate ATP.
Chloroplast
- Found in plants and algae, are the sites of photosynthesis.
- The endomembrane system members are related through direct contact or by transfer of membrane segments as vesicles.
- Two types of ribosomes are present with different components or functions.
- Lysosomes help in intracellular digestion in two ways.
- Endosymbiont theory needs to be understood.
- Three components make up the cytoskeleton and the makeup and functions of microfilaments and microtubules.
- Similarities and differences exist between cilia and flagella.
- Four types of cell junctions have specific information and should be studied.
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Description
Explore the structures and functions of cells, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and vacuoles. Understand the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as the advantages and parameters of microscopy.
