Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the lysosomes in a cell?
During which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
What is the term for the process of cell growth, replication, and division into two daughter cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy input?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the ribosomes in a cell?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the control center of the cell where DNA is stored?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cell Structure
- Cell membrane: Semi-permeable membrane that separates the cell from its environment
- Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane where metabolic processes occur
- Nucleus: Control center of the cell where DNA is stored
- Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell
- Endoplasmic reticulum: Network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis and transport
- Ribosomes: Small organelles responsible for protein synthesis
- Lysosomes: Membrane-bound sacs that contain digestive enzymes
- Golgi apparatus: Complex of flattened sacs and tubules involved in protein modification and transport
Cellular Processes
-
Cell division: Process of cell growth, replication, and division into two daughter cells
- Mitosis: Process of nuclear division resulting in two daughter cells with identical DNA
- Cytokinesis: Process of cytoplasmic division resulting in two daughter cells
- Cell signaling: Process of communication between cells through signaling molecules
-
Cellular transport: Movement of molecules into and out of the cell
- Passive transport: Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input
- Active transport: Movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy input
Cellular Organelles
- Nucleolus: Region within the nucleus where ribosome synthesis occurs
- Centrioles: Small, cylindrical organelles involved in the formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers
- Peroxisomes: Organelles involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids
- Chloroplasts: Organelles found in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis
- Cilia: Hair-like structures involved in movement and sensing
Cell Cycle
- Interphase: Stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division
- G1 phase: Stage of interphase where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication
- S phase: Stage of interphase where DNA replication occurs
- G2 phase: Stage of interphase where the cell prepares for cell division
- M phase: Stage of the cell cycle where cell division occurs
Cell Structure
- Cell membrane is semi-permeable, separating the cell from its environment and controlling what enters and leaves
- Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance inside the cell membrane where metabolic processes occur, making it a site of cellular activity
- Nucleus is the control center of the cell where DNA is stored, providing genetic instructions for cellular processes
- Mitochondria are organelles responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration
- Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranous tubules and cisternae involved in protein synthesis and transport, facilitating protein modification and trafficking
- Ribosomes are small organelles responsible for protein synthesis, reading messenger RNA to assemble polypeptide chains
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacs that contain digestive enzymes, helping to break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances
- Golgi apparatus is a complex of flattened sacs and tubules involved in protein modification and transport, facilitating protein secretion and presentation
Cellular Processes
- Cell division involves cell growth, replication, and division into two daughter cells, ensuring cellular continuity and diversity
- Mitosis is the process of nuclear division resulting in two daughter cells with identical DNA, ensuring genetic fidelity
- Cytokinesis is the process of cytoplasmic division resulting in two daughter cells, completing the cell division process
- Cell signaling involves communication between cells through signaling molecules, facilitating coordination and response
- Cellular transport involves the movement of molecules into and out of the cell, maintaining cellular homeostasis and facilitating nutrient uptake and waste removal
- Passive transport occurs without energy input, moving molecules from high to low concentration, while active transport requires energy input, moving molecules from low to high concentration
Cellular Organelles
- Nucleolus is a region within the nucleus where ribosome synthesis occurs, facilitating protein synthesis
- Centrioles are small, cylindrical organelles involved in the formation of cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers, facilitating cellular movement and division
- Peroxisomes are organelles involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and amino acids, facilitating cellular detoxification and energy production
- Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, facilitating energy production and conversion
- Cilia are hair-like structures involved in movement and sensing, facilitating cellular response and interaction
Cell Cycle
- Interphase is the stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for cell division, ensuring cellular readiness
- G1 phase is the stage of interphase where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication, setting the stage for cellular reproduction
- S phase is the stage of interphase where DNA replication occurs, ensuring genetic fidelity and cellular continuity
- G2 phase is the stage of interphase where the cell prepares for cell division, ensuring cellular readiness and coordination
- M phase is the stage of the cell cycle where cell division occurs, completing the cell cycle and producing daughter cells
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of the different components of a cell, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles.