Cell Structure & Function: Introduction Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the three main parts of a cell described in the lecture?

  • Lysosome, Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Plasma membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm (correct)
  • Centrioles, Peroxisomes, Chloroplasts
  • Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Vacuole

Which organelle system is responsible for energy production in a cell?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Chloroplast

What is the function of the nucleosome within a cell?

  • DNA replication
  • Cell division
  • Regulation of gene expression
  • Packaging and organizing DNA (correct)

Which part of a cell is responsible for controlling what enters and exits the cell?

<p>Plasma membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of membrane proteins in a cell?

<p>Cell communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular component is involved in storing genetic information?

<p>Chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>Regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for packaging, labeling, and shipping molecules in the cell?

<p>Golgi apparatus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do membrane proteins do in the plasma membrane?

<p>Facilitate movement of hydrophilic substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is known for being the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are phospholipids primarily composed of in the plasma membrane?

<p>Hydrophobic lipid tails and hydrophilic polar heads (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure works together with the plasma membrane to package and ship molecules in the cell?

<p>Golgi apparatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

<p>Housing enzymes for detoxification and glucose release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the Golgi apparatus in cellular function?

<p>Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins received from the rough ER (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?

<p>The rough ER lacks ribosomes, while the smooth ER has ribosomes attached. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fibers in the cytoskeleton are comprised of actin molecules assembled in two long chains?

<p>Microfilaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

<p>To synthesize proteins through the process of translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the cytoskeleton, what is the primary function of intermediate filaments?

<p>Bearing tension and weight throughout the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleolus in the cell?

<p>To assemble the subunits of ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fibers in the cytoskeleton serve as scaffolding across the cell and are involved in intracellular transportation?

<p>Microtubules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the cell?

<p>To produce secreted proteins, membrane proteins, and organelle proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter range of intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton?

<p>8-12 nm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fibers in the cytoskeleton are known to be dynamic, being assembled and disassembled as required?

<p>Microfilaments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key role of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton with regards to the plasma membrane?

<p>Anchoring the cytoskeleton to plasma membrane proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>To transport and modify proteins and other molecules to their final destinations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the different enzymes contained within the sacs or cisternae of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>The enzymes facilitate the modifications of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates as they move from the cis to the trans face of the Golgi. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do lysosomes protect the rest of the cell from their acidic environment?

<p>By forming a membrane that isolates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the different membranes within the mitochondria?

<p>The membranes contain the enzymes necessary for the generation of ATP through cellular respiration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are mitochondria not considered part of the endomembrane system?

<p>Mitochondria are not derived from the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus, which are the core components of the endomembrane system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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