Cell Structure & Function: Introduction Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the three main parts of a cell described in the lecture?

  • Lysosome, Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Plasma membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm (correct)
  • Centrioles, Peroxisomes, Chloroplasts
  • Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Vacuole

    • Which organelle system is responsible for energy production in a cell?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Chloroplast

    • What is the function of the nucleosome within a cell?

  • DNA replication
  • Cell division
  • Regulation of gene expression
  • Packaging and organizing DNA (correct)

    • Which part of a cell is responsible for controlling what enters and exits the cell?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of membrane proteins in a cell?

    <p>Cell communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular component is involved in storing genetic information?

    <p>Chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

    <p>Regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for packaging, labeling, and shipping molecules in the cell?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do membrane proteins do in the plasma membrane?

    <p>Facilitate movement of hydrophilic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is known for being the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are phospholipids primarily composed of in the plasma membrane?

    <p>Hydrophobic lipid tails and hydrophilic polar heads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure works together with the plasma membrane to package and ship molecules in the cell?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

    <p>Housing enzymes for detoxification and glucose release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the Golgi apparatus in cellular function?

    <p>Modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins received from the rough ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?

    <p>The rough ER lacks ribosomes, while the smooth ER has ribosomes attached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers in the cytoskeleton are comprised of actin molecules assembled in two long chains?

    <p>Microfilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

    <p>To synthesize proteins through the process of translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the cytoskeleton, what is the primary function of intermediate filaments?

    <p>Bearing tension and weight throughout the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nucleolus in the cell?

    <p>To assemble the subunits of ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fibers in the cytoskeleton serve as scaffolding across the cell and are involved in intracellular transportation?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the cell?

    <p>To produce secreted proteins, membrane proteins, and organelle proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter range of intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton?

    <p>8-12 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fibers in the cytoskeleton are known to be dynamic, being assembled and disassembled as required?

    <p>Microfilaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key role of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton with regards to the plasma membrane?

    <p>Anchoring the cytoskeleton to plasma membrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>To transport and modify proteins and other molecules to their final destinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the different enzymes contained within the sacs or cisternae of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>The enzymes facilitate the modifications of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates as they move from the cis to the trans face of the Golgi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do lysosomes protect the rest of the cell from their acidic environment?

    <p>By forming a membrane that isolates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the different membranes within the mitochondria?

    <p>The membranes contain the enzymes necessary for the generation of ATP through cellular respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mitochondria not considered part of the endomembrane system?

    <p>Mitochondria are not derived from the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus, which are the core components of the endomembrane system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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