30 Questions
What is the primary function of the ribosomes in a prokaryotic cell?
To synthesize proteins
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
Having a nucleoid region
What is the primary function of the flagella in prokaryotic cells?
To propel the cell through its liquid environment
What is the region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?
Cytoplasm
What is the function of the fimbriae in prokaryotic cells?
To attach the cell to its substrate or other cells
What is the cell wall composed of in prokaryotic cells?
A rigid, chemically complex structure
What is the main function of the rough ER in the process of protein synthesis?
Synthesizing, modifying, and packaging secretory proteins
What is the role of the transport vesicle in the process of protein synthesis?
To transport proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus
What type of protein is produced in the rough ER when short chains of sugars are linked to a polypeptide?
Glycoprotein
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify products of the ER
What is the purpose of the acidic environment in the lysosome?
To provide an optimal environment for digestive enzymes
What is the role of the bound ribosome in protein synthesis?
To synthesize polypeptide chains
What is the primary function of a lysosome in a cell?
To break down and recycle organic molecules
Which type of vacuole is responsible for pumping excess water out of cells?
Contractile vacuole
What is the origin of a lysosome?
Derived from the Rough ER and Golgi apparatus
What is the function of a central vacuole in a mature plant cell?
To hold organic compounds and water
Which of the following is NOT a function of a lysosome?
Synthesizes proteins
What is the term for the process of fusing with food vacuoles and digesting food?
Digestive function
What is the primary function of specific transport proteins in facilitated diffusion?
To help specific substances diffuse across the membrane down their concentration gradient
Which type of transport requires energy input from the cell?
Active transport
What is the primary function of aquaporin proteins in certain cells?
To facilitate the rapid diffusion of water into and out of the cell
What is the process by which a cell exports bulky molecules?
Exocytosis
Why do polar or charged substances not easily cross cell membranes?
Because they are repelled by the hydrophobic interior of the membrane
What is the energy molecule that supplies energy for most active transport processes?
ATP
What is the primary function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?
To allow plant tissues to share water, nourishment, and chemical messages
What is the main component of plant cell walls that provides structural support and helps keep the plant upright against gravity?
Cellulose
What is the process by which phospholipids spontaneously arrange themselves into a bilayer structure?
Self-assembly
What is the primary function of membrane proteins in the plasma membrane?
To recognize and respond to external signals
What is the term used to describe the structure of a plasma membrane, which is composed of a patchwork of diverse protein molecules embedded in a phospholipid bilayer?
Fluid mosaic model
What is the critical step in the origin of life that is facilitated by the spontaneous formation of membranes?
The formation of membrane-enclosed collections of molecules
Test your knowledge of the components of cells, including the plasma membrane, cytosol, chromosomes, ribosomes, and cytoplasm. Learn about the characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and their internal structures.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
