Cell Structure and Microscopy Quiz

<p>They allow communication between neighboring cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein sorting and distribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cellulose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nucleolus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10^-6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of times larger an image is compared to the real object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to distinguish between two separate points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calibrate the eyepiece graticule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The actual size of the specimen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wavelengths become shorter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotic DNA is linear and associated with proteins, forming chromosomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80s ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They assist in the attachment to surfaces. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They must infect living cells to replicate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can measure up to 40 μm in diameter. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses can only reproduce inside living cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>70s subunits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is involved in locomotion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It cannot be separated from nearby objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control enzyme production and regulate cell functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough ER has ribosomes, while smooth ER does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It collects, processes, and sorts molecules for transport. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To digest unwanted structures within the cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are long, rigid tubes that make up the cytoskeleton. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To grow spindle fibers used for nuclear division. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microtubules covered by an extension of the plasma membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain smaller ribosomes similar to those found in bacteria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Around 1 μm. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of microscope that uses light to illuminate and magnify objects.

A microscope image of a specimen.

Plant cells are typically larger than animal cells and have several unique features.

Plant cells possess a cell wall, providing structural support and preventing bursting.

Large, fluid-filled sacs in plant cells that store various substances.

Green organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place.

Organelles responsible for aerobic respiration, providing energy to the cell.

The Golgi apparatus sorts and distributes molecules within the cell. It acts as a complex packaging and distribution system.

The ability to distinguish between two separate points. If two objects are closer together than the resolution of the apparatus used, then the objects cannot be distinguished as separate.

The number of times larger an image is compared with the real size of the object. Magnification = I (size of image) / A (actual size of specimen)

A transparent scale placed in the eyepiece of a microscope, used for measuring cells and organelles.

A calibrated scale on the stage of a microscope used to determine the size of each division on the eyepiece graticule.

A type of electron microscope that transmits a beam of electrons through a thin slice of a specimen, producing a high-resolution image.

A type of electron microscope that scans a beam of electrons across the surface of a specimen, generating a 3D-like image.

The range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from very long radio waves to very short gamma rays.

The fundamental unit of length in the International System of Units (SI units), symbolized by 'm.'

The smallest detail that can be distinguished by a microscope, determined by the wavelength of the light used.

The detailed structure of a cell visible under an electron microscope, revealing tiny organelles and their internal components.

The control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) and regulating cell activities.

A network of interconnected membranes throughout the cytoplasm, involved in protein synthesis, lipid production, and transport.

A stack of flattened sacs involved in processing and sorting molecules for transport within the cell or secretion outside.

Spherical sacs containing enzymes that break down waste materials, old organelles, and engulfed bacteria.

An organelle with a double membrane, responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration.

Long, hollow tubes made of tubulin protein, forming the structural framework of the cell and supporting its shape.

Small cylindrical structures near the nucleus, responsible for organizing microtubules during cell division.

Finger-like extensions of the cell membrane, increasing surface area for absorption, while cilia and flagella are long, thin extensions for movement.

Prokaryotic cells are simple cells lacking a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They include bacteria and are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells are complex cells with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They include animals, plants, fungi, and protists.

Mitochondria are organelles found in both plant and animal cells. They are responsible for cellular respiration, a process that generates energy for the cell.

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells. They are responsible for photosynthesis, a process that uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen.

Viruses are non-living entities that are much smaller than bacteria. They lack a cellular structure and can only reproduce by infecting other living cells.

A capsid is a protective protein coat that surrounds the genetic material of a virus. It helps the virus to survive and infect host cells.

Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA found in some bacteria. They can replicate independently of the main bacterial chromosome and often carry genes for antibiotic resistance.

Pili are hair-like structures found on the surface of some bacteria. They help bacteria to attach to surfaces and other cells, and can also be involved in sexual reproduction.